EX1

Frame of a hydraulic press consisting of two identical steel

plates. Maximum force P is 20 kN. Steel plates are plain C steel
with tensile yield strength of 380 N/mm2. FoS is 2.5. Determine
the plate thickness.
BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956
Ex 2
EX 3
 Levers

A lever is define as a mechanical device in the form of a

rigid bar pivoted about the fulcrum to multiply or transfer
the force.

F- Force/Load produced by the lever

P- effort required to produce that force
leverage
l1 – effort arm, l2- load arm , F/P = l1/l2
F x l2 = P x l1, Mechanical advantage of
the lever

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Three types of levers

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

In first type of lever:

In second type of lever mechanical advantage is > 1

In third type of lever mechanical advantage is < 1.- not
recommended for engineering application

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Ex 4 A right angled bell- crank lever is to be designed to raise a load of 5 kN at the
short arm end. The lengths of short and long arm are 100 and 450 mm respectively.
The lever and the pin are made of steel 30C8 (Syt= 400N/mm2) and the factor of
safety is 5. The permissible bearing pressure on the pin is 10 N/mm2. The lever has a
rectangular cross section and the ratio of width to thickness is 3:1. The length to
diameter ratio of the fulcrum pin is 1.25:1.Calculate:

a. The dia and length of fulcrum pin

b. Shear stress in the pin
c. Dimension of the boss of the lever at the fulcrum
d. The dimensions of the cross section of the lever.

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956

Ex 5 A lever loaded safety valve is mounted on the boiler to blow off at a pressure of 1.5 MPa
gauge. The effective diameter of opening of the valve is 50 mm. The distance between the
fulcrum and the dead weights on the lever is 1000 mm. The distance between the fulcrum and
pin connecting valve spindle to the lever is 100 mm. The lever and pin are made of plain carbon
steel 30C8 (Syt = 400 N/mm2) and the factor of safety is 5. The permissible bearing pressure at
the pin in the lever is 25 N/mm2. The lever has a rectangular cross section and the ratio of width
to thickness is 3:1. Design a suitable lever for the safety valve.

BITS Pilani, Deemed to be University under Section 3 of UGC Act, 1956