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IPPTCh 004
IPPTCh 004
Probability
Distributions
Chapter 6
Copyright © 2015 McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. No reproduction or distribution without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education.
Learning Objectives
LO6-1 Identify the characteristics of a probability
distribution.
LO6-2 Distinguish between discrete and continuous
random variables.
LO6-3 Compute the mean, variance, and standard
deviation of a discrete probability distribution.
LO6-4 Explain the assumptions of the binomial distribution
and apply it to calculate probabilities.
LO6-5 Explain the assumptions of the hypergeometric
distribution and apply it to calculate probabilities.
LO6-6 Explain the assumptions of the Poisson distribution
and apply it to calculate probabilities.
6-2
LO6-1 Identify the characteristics
of a probability distribution.
6-3
LO6-1
Characteristics of a Probability
Distribution
The probability of a particular outcome is between 0
and 1 inclusive.
The outcomes are mutually exclusive events.
The list is exhaustive. So the sum of the probabilities
of the various events is equal to 1.
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LO6-1
6-6
LO6-2 Distinguish between discrete
and continuous random variables.
Random Variables
RANDOM VARIABLE A quantity resulting from an
experiment that, by chance, can assume different values.
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LO6-2
6-8
LO6-2
EXAMPLES:
The number of students in a class
The number of children in a family
The number of cars entering a carwash in a hour
The number of home mortgages approved by
Coastal Federal Bank last week
6-9
LO6-2
EXAMPLES:
The length of each song on the latest Tim McGraw
CD
The weight of each student in this class
The amount of money earned by each player in the
National Football League
6-10
LO6-3 Compute the mean, variance, and standard
deviation of a discrete probability distribution.
6-11
LO6-3
6-12
LO6-3
6-13
LO6-3
6-14
LO6-3
2 1.290 1.136
6-15
LO6-4 Explain the assumptions of the binomial
distribution and apply it to calculate probabilities.
6-16
LO6-4
Characteristics of a Binomial
Probability Experiment
The outcome of each trial is classified into one of two
mutually exclusive categories—a success or a
failure.
The random variable, x, is the number of successes
in a fixed number of trials.
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LO6-4
6-20
LO6-4
6-21
LO6-4
6-22
LO6-4
6-23
LO6-4
6-24
LO6-4
6-25
LO6-4
6-26
LO6-4
6-27
LO6-4
6-28
LO6-4
6-29
LO6-4
6-31
LO6-4
6-32
LO6-5 Explain the assumptions of the hypergeometric
distribution and apply it to calculate probabilities.
Hypergeometric Probability
Distribution
An outcome on each trial of an experiment is
classified into one of two mutually exclusive
categories—a success or a failure.
The probability of success and failure changes
from trial to trial.
The trials are not independent, meaning that the
outcome of one trial affects the outcome of any other
trial.
Hypergeometric Probability
Distribution - Formula
6-34
LO6-5
Hypergeometric Probability
Distribution - Example
PlayTime Toys, Inc., employs 50
people in the Assembly
Department. Forty of the
employees belong to a union and
ten do not. Five employees are
selected at random to form a
committee to meet with
management regarding shift
starting times.
Hypergeometric Probability
Distribution - Example
Here’s what’s given:
N = 50 (number of employees)
S = 40 (number of union employees)
x = 4 (number of union employees
selected)
n = 5 (number of employees selected)
What is the probability that four of the five
selected for the committee belong to a
union?
6-36
LO6-6 Explain the assumptions of the Poisson
distribution and apply it to calculate probabilities.
6-37
LO6-6
6-38
LO6-6
6-39
LO6-6
6-40
LO6-6
6-41
LO6-6
6-42
LO6-6
6-43