MOMENTS IN COLUMNS AND TRANSFER

OF MOMENTS TO COLUMNS
EXTERIOR & INTERIOR COLUMNS (DDM)
 Exterior Columns
 According to ACI Sec 13.6.3.6 – The moment that is transferred from
a slab to an edge column is 0.3Mo
 Interior Columns
 The unbalanced moment is computed assuming that the longer span
adjacent to the columns is loaded with the factored dead load and
half the factored live load, while the shorter span carries only the
factored dead load. The total unbalanced moment at the joint is thus:
 ( wd  0.5wl )l2ln2 wd' l2' ln'2 
M  0.65  
 8 8 


M col  0.07 ( wd  0.5wl )l2ln2  wd' l2' (ln' ) 2 
ONE-WAY AND TWO-WAY SHEAR
SHEAR
SHEAR
SHEAR
SHEAR
SHEAR
TRIBUTARY AREA FOR SHEAR
SHEAR REINFORCEMENT IN FLAT SLABS
SHEAR REINFORCEMENT RESPONSE
DETAILS & REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS

Drop Panels
 The minimum thickness of slab required to limit deflections may be
reduced by 10% if the slab has drop panels conforming to ACI sec
13.3.7.
 Can be used to reduce the amount of negative moment reinforcement
required over a column in a flat slab.
 A drop panel gives additional depth at the column, thereby increasing
the area of the critical shear perimeter.
DETAILS & REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS

Column Capitals
 The diameter or effective dimensions of the capital dc is defined, as that
part of the capital lying within the largest right circular cone or pyramid
with a 90o vertex that can be included within the outlines of the
supporting column.
 The diameter is measured at the bottom of the slab or drop panel. It is
used to define the effective width for moment transfer, c2 + 3h, and to
define the clear span.
 Concrete in the capital outside the 45o lines can be used to increase the
shear strength.
DETAILS & REINFORCEMENT REQUIREMENTS

Reinforcement Placement sequence

 In a flat plate or flat slab, the moments are largest in the slab strips
spanning the long direction of the panels.
 Reinforcement for the long span is generally placed closer to the top
and bottom of the slab than the short-span reinforcement.
 For slabs supported on beams having a greater than about 1.0, the
opposite is true and the reinforcing pattern should be reversed.
 Concrete cover (ACI)
 Clear cover to the surface = ¾ inch
 Clear cover to the surface = ½ inch (exposed to earth or weather)
BAR CUTOFFS AND ANCHORAGES