Overview of AXE-10

System
BY: SUKH DEV RAJ
D. E. ( AXE-10)

1
 INTRODUCTION

E-10-B gave tremendous boost to telecom

N/w .E-10-b have excellent grade of service
Yet it is failed in a no. of occasions in metro
cities created a no. of problem. The main
reasons are -
1. Lower BHCA--1,90,000
2.No support of ISDN & CCS#7
Max capacity of a TAX< 10K. 2
 SALIENT DESIGN FEATURES OF AXE-10
-SPC
-PCM-TIME DIVISION SWITCHING(DIGITAL SWITCHING)-DUPLICATED
CENTRAL PROCESSOR (CPs) HOT S/B MODE
-REGIONAL PROCESSORS(RPs)OFF LOADS THE CP BY PERFORMING TASKS
OF SIMPLE REPETITIVE NATURE.
-FUNCTIONAL MODULARITY--ADVANTAGES
- SMOOTHER, QUICKER HARDWARE EXTENTION
-SYSTEM UPGRADATION IS EASIER.
-NEW FUNCTIONS EASILY INCORPORATED

-ONE SYSTEM FOR ALL APPLICATIONS

3
 FUNCTIONAL HIERARCHY
AXE-10 CONSIST OF 2 MAIN PARTS:
1. APT : TELEPHONY PART , FOR SWITCHING CALLS
2. APZ : CONTROL PART ,FOR CONTROL & PROCESSING OF DATA.
BOTH APT & APZ USE HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE.
APT IS DEVIDED INTO SUBSYSTEMS NAMELY SSS, TSS, GSS,OMS,
CCS,TCS, SUS etc.
EACH SUBSYSTEM PERFORM WELL DEFINED FUNCTION AND HAS
No.OF FUNCTION BLOCKS. EACH FUNCTION BLOCK HAVE FUNCTIONAL
UNITS. SOME OF THE SUBSYSTEMS ARE REALISED IN S/W AND OTHERS
IN H/W & IN S/W.
APZ IMPLEMENTED IN HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE AND DEVIDED
INTO SUBSYSTEMS NAMELY CPS, MAS( MAINTENANCE SUBSYSTEM)
FMS, SPS, DCS, etc. S/W (PROGRAMS & DATA) OF APT IS STORED IN APZ
HARDWARE ( PROGRAME STORE AND DATA STORE)

4
 FUNCTIONAL HIERARCHY OF AXE-10
APT
SUBS TRUNKS
SWITCHING
EQUIPMENT

APT-TELEPHONY PART OF
AXE(PCB)
APZ-CONTROL PART OF AXE
(S/W)
BHCA VALUES OF 4 APZ ARE- COMPUTER APT
APZ210—144,000 BHCA APZ
APZ211--150,000 BHCA STORE
APZ212—800,000 BHCA APZ CONTENT
5
APZ213—11,000 BHCA
APT SUBSYSTEMS:
SUBSYSTEMS REALISED IN BOTH H/W AND S/W
1.SSS:HANDLES TRAFFIC TO AND FROM SUBS. CONNECTED TO THE EXCH.
2.TSS: HANDLES SIG. & SUPERVISION OVER JUNCTIONS TO THEIR EXCH.
3. GSS: SET UP ,SUPERVISES,CLEARS CONNECTIONS THROUGH GS.
SELECTION OF A PATH TAKE PLACE IN THE S/W.
4. OMS: FUNCTIONS RELATING TO STATISTICS AND SUPERVISION.
5. CCS:FUNCTIONS FOR SIG. ROUTING SUPERVISION AND CORRECTION
OF MESSAGES SENT IN ACCORDANCE WITH CCITT No.6 & 7.

SUBSYSTEMS CONTAINING S/W ONLY

1.TCS(TRAFFIC CONTROL SUBSYSTEM) : CENTRAL PART OF APT AND
DOES ALL THE FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY AN OPERATOR IN A MANUAL
EXCH. FOR SETTING UP , SUPERVISION, CLEARING OF CALLS,
SELECTION OF O/G ROUTES, ANALYSIS OF I/C DIGITS, STORAGE OF SUBS
CATEGORIES etc.
2.CHS: CHARGING SUBSYSTEM– HANDLES CALL CHARGING .
3. SUS:SUBS SERVICES SUBSYSTEM—SUBS FACILITIES LIKE –
6
ABBREVATED DIALLING, CALL TRANSFER, WAKE-UP SERVICES etc.
 TWO TYPES OF PROCESSORS

SUBS
1.REGIONAL
PROCESSOR SWITCHING
ROUTINE EQUIPMENTS
SCANNING OF
EQUIPMENTS e.g.
LIFTING OF
HANDSET BY RPs
SUBS.THIS IS
DONE SEVERAL
TIMES/SEC
2.CENTRAL PROCESSOR
COMPLEX ANALYSIS AND
DIAGOSTICS REQUIRING
HIGH COMPUTING
CAPACITY AND LARGE
VOLUME OF CP STORE
DATA,e.g.SELECTION OF O/G CONTENT
ROUTES OR TRAFFIC 7
RPs ASSISTS CENTRAL PROCESSOR IN
PERFORMING ROUTINE TASKS AND REPORTS
IMPORTANT EVENTS OCCURING IN THE EXCH.
TO THE CP ALL DECISION ARE MADE BY CP.

8
 STRUCTURE OF THE AXE
AXE
SYSTEM LEVEL 1
APZ
APT
SYSTEM
LEVEL 2

TSS OMS SUB

SUS SYSTEM
FMS MCS CPS

APT--TELEPHONY PART OF AXE BT CSR

APZ--CONTROL PART OF AXE OT

FUNCTION
BT--BOTHWAY TRUNK BLOCK

BTR--REGIONAL SOFTWARE OF FUNCT

BLOCK BT BTR ION
BTU HW UNITS
BTU--CENTRAL SOFTWARE OF
9
BLOCK BT
 AXE
SYSTEM LEVEL 1
APZ APT
SYSTEM
LEVEL 2

TSS OMS SUB

SUS SYSTEM
FMS MCS CPS

CPS--CENTRAL PROCESSOR SUB BT CSR

SYSTEM OT FUNCTION BLOCK
CSR—CODE SENDER/RECEIVER
FMS--FILE MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM
FUNCTION
HW--HARDWARE UNITS
BTU BTR HW
MCS--MAN MACHINE COMMUNICATION
SUB SYSTEM/ OMS—OPERATION AND 10
MAINTENANCE SUBSYSTEM
 AXE
SYSTEM LEVEL 1

APZ APT
SYSTEM
LEVEL 2

OMS SUB
TSS
SUS SYSTEM
FMS MCS CPS

OMS--OPERATION AND BT CSR

MAINTENANCE SUB SYSTEM
OT FUNCTION
OT--OUTGOING TRUNK BLOCK
SUS-- SUBSCRIBER SERVICES
FUNCTION
SUBSYSTEM UNITS
TSS--TRUNK AND SIGNALLING BTU BTR HW
SUBSYSTEM
11
 HARDWARE

PROGRAM REGIONAL SOFRWARE

BTR
DATA

CENTRAL SOFTWARE
PROGRAM
BTU
DATA

INTERWORKING FUNCTION
FUNCTION BLOCK Y
FUNCTION BLOCK BT
BLOCK X (ONLY S/W BLOCK)
INTERWORKING OF •INTERWORKING BETWEEN FUNCTION
FUNCTION BLOCK BLOCKS IS ONLY AT CENTRAL LEVEL
•DATA OF A FUNCTION BLOCK IS ACCESSED
12
BY ITS OWN PROGRAM ONLY
 AXE SUB SYSTEM
SWITCHING SUB SYSYEMS(APT)
GSS TSS TCS OMS

SYSTEM CORE
SSS CCS SUS CHS
MTS OPS BGS NMS
OPTIONAL SUBSYSTEM

DATA PROCESSING SUB SYSTEM(APZ)

CPS RPS MAS IOS

13
SPS FMS MCS DCS
 AXE SUB SYSTEM
SWITCHING SUB SYSYEMS(APT)
GSS TSS TCS OMS

SYSTEM CORE
SSS CCS SUS CHS
MTS OPS BGS NMS
OPTIONAL SUBSYSTEM

DATA PROCESSING SUB SYSTEM(APZ)

CPS RPS MAS IOS

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SPS FMS MCS DCS
 APT SUBSYSTEM
HARDWARE(PCBS)

GSS TSS OMS SSS CCS MTS

SOFTWARE (PROGRAMS + DATA )

NMS BGS GSS TSS OMS SSS CCS MTS OPS TCS CHS SUS
BGS BUSINESS GROUP SUBSYSTEM
CHS COMMON CHANNEL SIGNALLING SUBSYSTEM
CHS CHARGING SUBSYSTEM
GSS GROUPS SWITCHING SUB SYSTEM 15
 APT SUBSYSTEM
HARDWARE(PCBS)

GSS TSS OMS SSS CCS MTS

SOFTWARE (PROGRAMS + DATA )

NMS BGS GSS TSS OMS SSS CCS MTS OPS TCS CHS SUS
NMS NETWORK MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM
OMS OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE SUBSYSTEM
OPS OPERATOR SUB SYSTEM / TCS -TRAFFIC CONTROL SUBSYSTEM
SUS SUS SUBSCRIBER SERVICES SUBSYSTEM / TSS- TRUNK AND SIG.
SUBSYSTEM 16
SSS SUBSCRIBER SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM
 APT SUBSYSTEM
HARDWARE

GSS TSS OMS SSS CCS MTS

REGIONAL SOFRWARE (PROGRAMS + DATA)

GSS TSS OMS SSS CCS MTS

CENTRAL SOFTWARE (PROGRAMME +DATA)

GSS TSS OMS SSS CCS MTS OPS TCS CHS SUS
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 SUBSYSTEM IN A LOCAL ESCHANGE
HARDWARE
RSS
SUBS TRUNKS
GSS TSS
SSS
CCS
SSS

CENTRAL SOFTWARE

SSS SYSTEM CORE CHS

(GSS, OMS,TCS, TSS)

SUS CCS

CCS—COMMON CHANNEL SIGNALLING SUBSYSTEM

CHS—CHARGING SUBSYSTEM/TSS—TRUNK AND SIGNALLING SUBSYSTEM
GSS--GROUP SWITCHING SUB SYSTEM / TCS—TRAFFIC CONTROL
SUBSYSTEM
OMS—OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE SUBSYSTEM
18
SSS—SUBS, SW. SUBSYSTEM/SUS—SUBS SERVICES SUBSYSTEM
 SUBSYSTEM REALISED IN HARDWARE AND
SOFTWARE(APT SUBSYSTEM FUNCTIONS.)
SSS—SUBSCRIBER SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM
--HANDELS TRAFFIC FROM AND TO SUBSCRIBERS (ANALOG AND DIGITAL)
TSS– TRUNK AND SIGNALLING SUBSYSTEM
--HANDLES SIGNALLING ON TRUNKS.
--SUPERVISES CONNECTIONS OVER TRUNKS.
GSS—GROUP SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM
--SETS UP , SUPERVISES AND CLEARS CONNECTIONS IN DIGITAL
GROUP SWITCH.
CCS—COMMON CHANNEL SIGNALLING SUBSYSTEM
--HANDELS CCS#7 FUNCTIONS.
OMS—OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE SUBSYSTEM.
--PERFORMS SUPERVISION FUNCTIONS ON HARDWARE
--TRAFFIC AND SERVICE MEASUREMENTS.
19
 SUBSYSTEM REALISED IN SOFTWARE ONLY

TCS—TRAFFIC CONTROL SUBSYSTEM

--CONTROLS CALL SET UP, SUPERVISION AND RELEASE.
--STORES SUBSCRIBER DATA, CIRCUIT DATA AND OTHER OFFICE
DATA.
CHS– CHARGING SUB SYSTEM
--CALL CHARGING FUNCTIONS.
SUS—SUBSCRIBER SERVICES SUBSYSTEM
-- PROVIDES SUBSCRIBER SERVICES LIKE CALL TRANSFER, CALL
WAITING, DYNAMIC STD BARRING etc. (OTHER THAN BASIC FACILITIES
LIKE PUSH BUTTON DIALLING, DETAILED BILLING etc.)

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 APZ SUBSYSTEM FUNCTIONS
CPS—CENTRAL PROCESSOR SUBSYSTEM
--PROGRAM ADMINISTRATION
--DATA STORAGE AND HANDLING
--CHANGING OF PROGRAMS
RPS—REGIONAL PROCESSOR SUBSYSTEM
-- OFFLOADS CENTRAL PROCESSOR
MAS—MAINTENANCE SUBSYSTEM
--LOCATES HARDWARE AND SOFTWARE FAULTS IN CENTRAL
PROCESSOR . IT IS RESPONSIBLE FOR MAINTENANCE OF
PROCESSOR
AND WORK IN CLOSE RELATIONSHIP WITH CPS.
IOS—INPUT / OUTPUT SYSTEM
CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING SUBSYSTEMS
SPS—SUPPORT PROCESSOR SUBSYSTEM
FMS—FILE MANAGEMENT SUBSYSTEM
21
MCS—MAN-MACHINE COMMUNICATION SUBSYSTEM
SUPORT PROCESSOR SUBSYSTEM
Hardware is duplicated in the form of two cabinets, Node- a and node –b
It communicates with all I / o devices and cp for man – machine communication,
file management ETC.

22
 ORGANISATION OF APT SUBSYSTEM
(SSS, GSS, TSS, CCS )
SUBSYSTEM (HARDWARE)

EXTENSION MODULES (EMS)

EQUIPMENTS LOCATION
CABINETS

SHELVES (6 PER CABINET EXCEPT CP CABINETS)

MAGAZINES (ASSEMBLIES OS PCBs,1 TO 4 MAGAZINES PER SHELF )

PCBs

23
 SUBSCRIBER SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM ( SSS )
SSS CONSISTS OF TWO TYPES OF SWITCHES :
SSS
1. LOCAL SUBSCRIBER SWITCHES () ALSO COMMONLY KNOWN AS LOCAL EMG;
EXTENTION MODULE GROUP ):LSS
2.REMOTE SUBSCRIBER SWITCH (REMOTE EMG ):RSS
ALL THE REMOTE SUBSCRIBER SWITCHWS AT A LOCATION ARE TOGETHER
CALLED RSU, REMOTE SWITCHING UNIT.
AN LSS OR AN RSS MAY CONSIST OF THE FOLLOWING MAGAZINES:
LSM –A : LSM, ANALOG
LSM – BA : LSM ISDN, BASIC ACCESS (2B + D )
LSM – PRA : LSM ISDN , PRIMARY RATE ( 30B + D )
SEPRM : SEPCIAL EQUIPMENTS FOR PRIVATE METERS
( OPTIONAL ) = 8 PRIVATE METERS CARD, ONE CARD
=8 METERS.
A SULTAACCS MAG. = FOR 4 LSSs . FOR SUBS.LINE TESTING AND FEEDING
HOWLER TONE.
A PAIR OF RPBC MAG. EVERY LSS –INTERFACE IN LSS & CP.
IOSULT—IN RSS -FOR TESTING OF SUBS. LINE, GENERATION OF HOWLER TONE,
FOR CONNECTION OF AN ALPFANUMERIC TML. FOR USE AT RSS;FOR MAN-M/ 24
C
COMMUNICATION.
LSM – A 128 ANALOG SUBS.
( 32 LI PCBs x 4 SUBS/ PER LI )
LSM – BA 64 x (2B + D ) SUBS.
(8 LIBA PCBs x 8 (2B +D ) SUBS.PER LIBA )
LSM – PRA 4x. (30 B + D ) SUBS.
( 4 LIPA PCBs x 1 ( 30B + D ) SUBS .
ONE FULLY EQUIPPED EMG OCCUPIES 3 CABINET SPACE.
ONE FULLY EQUIPPED EMG CAN ACCOMMODATE UPTO 2048 ANALOG SUBS.
EACH EMG CAN HAVE MINIMUM 2 PCM LINES AND MAXIMUM 32 PCM LINES
TOWARDS SWITCHING NETWORK CALLED GROUP SWITCH.
WE CAN PROVIDE THE REQUIRED NO. OF PCM LINES DEPENDING UPON TRAFFIC
REQUIREMENTS SO AS TO FULLY UTILISE 2048 EQUIPMENTS, IF PROVIDED .
CONCENTRATION RATIO ACHIEVED :
WITH 8 PCMs : 2048 : 240 i.e. 8:1
16 PCMs : 2048 : 480 i.e.4:1
32 PCMs : 2048 : 960 i. e. 2:1

25
•16 KHz HOME – METERING PULSES ( ONLY IF SEPERM MAGAZINES ARE EQUIPPED IN
THE EMG.)
• TRAFFIC HANDLING CAPACITY OF RSS
•16 PCMS : 494 CHANNELS ; 32 x 2 + 31 x 14
•32 PCMs : 990 CHANNELS ; 30 x 2 + 31 x 30
T/S No.16 ON THE FIRST TWO PCMs OF EVERY RSS ARE RSS ARE USED FOR BUILDING
UP CCS#7 SIGNALLING CHANNELS BETWEEN RSS AND THE MSU. TIME SLOT 0 ON
EVERY PCM LINE IS USED FOR ALARMS AND OTHER FUNCTIONS. IN LSS, ALL 32 CHLS
ON EVERY PCM USED .FOR LSS WITH 32 PCMs 1024 CHLS USED FOR TRAFFIC.
NO TRAFFIC BALANCING IS REQUIRED WHILE LOADING SUBSCRIBERS, THAT IS ANY
SUBSCRIBER’ S TELEPHONE NUMBER AND .
EACH LSM NEED NOT HAVE A KRC BOARD.
TIME SWITCH BUS AMONG ALL LSMs OF AN EMG IS USED TO SHARE TIME SLOTS ON
PCMs , AND THE KRC DEVICES. THAT MEANS CHANNELS ON PCMs AND KRC DEVICES
ARE AVAILABLE IN A COMMON POOL AND AS SUCH ANY CHL / KRC CAN BE USED FOR
ANY CALL IN THE EMG.
KRC BOARDS ARE PROVIDED ON THE BASIS OF DTMF TRAFFIC. ( ALL SUBSCRIBERS
CAN HAVE DTMF TELEPHONES AND ARE GIVEN THE FACILITY BY DEFAULT UNLESS
SOMEONE SAYS HE DOES NOT REQUIRE IT.) CORRESPONDING TO LI BOARD IN LSM – A
, THERE ARE LIBA BOARDS IN LSM – B AND A-LIPA BOARD IN LSM – PRA.EXTENTION IN
RSS, LSS, ARE VERY EASY DUE TO MODULAR FEATURE. EXTENDABLE MODULES ARE LI,
27
LIBA, LIPA, JTC / ETB BOARDS , LSM MAGAZINES.
GROUP SWITCHING SUBSYSTEM
THE FOLLOWING HARDWARE FORMS PART OF GSS
1.GROUP SWITCH
2.CLOCK MODULES
3.NETWORK SYSCHRONISATION
4.CONFERENCE CALL DEVICES
1.THE GROUP SWITCH: BUILT AROUND T – S – T – STRUCTURE IS USED MAINLY FOR
CONNECTIONS FOR DIFFERENT PURPOSES i. e.FOR EXCHANGE OF SPEECH,SIGNALS,
DATA etc.
IT CONSIST OF TWO TYPES OF MODULES :
TSM : TIME SWITCH MODULE
SPM : SPACE SWITCHING MODULE
(THERE CAN BE MAXIMUM 128 TSMs GIVING 65536 PORTS OR TIME SLOTS.
OUTPUT OF EACH TSM IS A 16-PCM MULTIPLEX WHICH IS CONNECTED TO AN SPM
AS A HORIZONTAL. THIS SO CALLED HORIZONTAL ACCOMODATES 512 TIME SLOTS
BUT EACH OF 244 NANO SEC. THUS ONE FRAME OF THIS PCM MULTIPLEX IS
EQUIVALENT TO 16 CONVENTIONAL PCM FRAMES OF 125 MICROSEC. EACH . EACH
TIME SLOT CARRIES 10 BITS: 8 OF SPEECH OR DATA , ONE FOR PARITY AND ONE AS
A PLANE SELECT BIT. THE HORIZONTAL CARRIES SPEECH SAMPLES COMING
FROM THE SUBSCRIBER. 28
 Each TSM has also a vertical, again a 16 – PCM multiplex , coming from the
SPMs. The vertical carries speech samples going towards the subscriber. The
cross points are made between a particular incoming time slot on a
horizontal connected to the SPM and the same time slot number on any
vertical connected on the same SPM. ON each cross-points 10 wires are
simultaneously switched through by the gates in the space module
A fully equipped SPM has 32 horizontals and 32 verticals as shown
in the fig. An SPM thus provides 16384 incoming and 16384 outgoing Time
slots and a group switch with with such an SPM is called 16-K group switch.
The exchange can be expanded by adding SPM modules such that we have
square matrix of 1x1, 2x2, 3x3 , or at the most 4x4 SPMs. A group switch of
optimum size is indicated in the fig. The arrangement shows that any
timeslot on any horizontal can be connected onto any vertical of the whole
group switch, no matter whatever be the size of the switch.
The number of TSMs will depend on the number of PCM lines to be
connected and the number of SPMs will depend on the number of TSMs.
The whole group switch is duplicated in two planes – Plane A and Plane B .
Both operating totally independently with no interconnection whatsoever.29
 16kMult. Pos 32 Mult. Pos 48 Mult. POS 64 k Mult.Pos

0 TSM
15 0 0
SPM
0
31 0 0 31 SPM
00 31
SPM 31 SPM 03
496 TSM 01 02 96 127
0 31
511 3 32 63 64 95
1 3 3 3 3
SPM 2 SPM 2 SPM SPM
2 2
10 6 11 6 12 03
6 32 63 64 95
6
3 0 31 3 3 3 96 127

6
4 SPM 6 6 6
20 4 SPM 4 SPM SPM
9 4
0 31 9 21 9 22 03
5 32 63 64 95
9
5 5 5 96 127

96 96
96
127 SPM 127 SPM 127 SPM
1536 TSM 96
96 30 31 32
1551 32 63
127 SPM
0 31 64 95 03
2032 TSM 96 127
2048 12
7

30
EXTENSION STEPS OF THE SPACE MODULE
AXE-10 will have
1 SPM s for upto 16k positions (X – points )

4 SPMs for upto 32k

9 SPMs for upto 48k

16 SPMs for upto 64k (Optimum size)

31
2. CCD ( CONFERENCE CALL DEVICES ) MAGAZINE
EACH CCD MAGAZINE HANDLE 10, 3 – PARTY CONFERENCE CALLS.
3. CLM : CLOCK MODULES
THERE ARE THREE CLOCK MODULES IN EVERY AXE, CALLED CLMO,
CLM1, CLM2.
THESE MODULES GENERATE AND SUPPLY STABLE FREQUENCIES TO
TSM AND SPM MODULES. 8 KHZ SIGNAL ES USED AS FRAMING
FREQUENCY FOR NETWORK SYNCHRONISATION AND 4 MHZ FOR
THE OPERATION ) READ/ WRITE ) OF SWITCH MEMORIES IN THE TSM
AND SPM MODULES.
TRAFFIC HANDLING CAPACITY CAPACITY OH GS
128 TSM + 16 SPM
128x16 PCMs = 2048 PCMs
= 65,536 PORTS, POSITIONS, TIME SLOTS
DUPLICATED PLANES, A & B FOR SECURITY , SPEECH PASSES ON BOTH
PLANES BUT EXTRATED FROM A PLANE ONLY USUALLY.

32
 ORGANISATION OF APZ
CPS , RPS PROCESSORS

SPS, FMS, MCS, DCS I / O GROUP

CPS
CENTRAL PROCESSOR, SYNCHRONOUS – DUPLICATED
CP – A ( EXECUTIVE, NORMALLY )
CP – B ( HOT STANDBY NORMALLY )
PROCESSOR CAPACITY : 800,000 BHCA

EACH CP CAN HAVE UPTO 128 RP HANDLER i.e. 1024 RPs

MAXIMUM CAN BE EQUIPPED IN THE EXCHANGE.

33
 TO / FROM RP TO / FROM RP
APZ 212
CP-A CP-B
RPH RPH

UMB-S
SPU SPU

UMB-1

IPU IPU
MAU

DS RS PS DS RS PS

CP-A---CP A—SIDE, CP-B----CP B SIDE, DS—DATA STORE, RS—

REGIONAL STORE, PS---PGOGRAM STORE, IPU--INSTRUCTION
PROCESSOR, MAU—MAINENANCE UNIT, RPH—REGIONAL PROCESSOR
HANDLER,SPU—SIGNAL PROCESSOR , UMB-1---UPDATING AND MATCH
BUS FOR IPU, UMB-S---UPDATING AND MATCH BUS FOR SPU 34
 TO / FROM RP TO / FROM RP
APZ 212
CP-A CP-B
RPH RPH

UMB-S
SPU SPU

UMB-1
IPU IPU
MAU

DS RS PS DS RS PS

TO MINIMISE HARDWARE FAULTS TWO IDENTICAL CP OPERATING

SYNCHRONOUSLY EACH HAVING THEIR SRORES ARE PROVIDED. BOTH
EXECUTE SAME PROGRAMS. A—SIDE IS EXECUTIVE AND B SIDE IS HOT
S/B . RPs RECEIVE ORDERS FROM A SIDE. NO REDUCTION IN CAPACITY
IF ONE SIDE STOPS WORKING. AFTER A SIDE HALTED AND REPAIRED IT
RETURN TO OPERATION IN PARALLEL WITH THE FAULTLESS SIDE 35
DATA ARE TRANSFERRRED FROM EXECUTIVE SIDE TO REPAIRED SIDE .
 TO / FROM RP
APZ 212 TO / FROM RP

CP-A CP-B
RPH RPH

UMB-S
SPU SPU

UMB-1
IPU IPU
MAU

DS RS PS DS RS PS

AFTER UPDATING A—SIDE IS EXECUTIVE AND B SIDE IS S / B. BOTH SIDES RECEIVE SAME
INFORMATION FROM RPs , THEY WILL CONTAIN EXACTLY THE SAME DATA AND DO EXACTLY
THE SAME WORK.
RPH– HANDLE UPTO 128 RPs . AND UPTO 4 RPHs CAN BE CONNECTED.
SPU—PREPARE THE WORK FOR IPU (INSTRUCTION PROCESSOR) . THUS IPU PERFORM
PROGRAMS.
IPU—EXECUTE PROGRAMS AND SPU TELLS IPU THE ADDRESS AT WHICH IT SHOULD START
EXECUTING THEM, IPU HAS ACCESS TO STORES.
36
MAU—INITIATES TESTS IN BOTH SIDES IN CASE OF FAULT. MAU ALSO DECIDES WHICH SIDE TO
BE EXECUTIVE.
RPS
THERE CAN BE UPTO 1024 REGIONAL PROCESSORS IN THE
EXCHANGE.
EACH RP PAIN HANDLES : 2 TO 16 EMs ( EXTENSION MODULES )
EACH PAIR WORKS ON LOAD – SHARING BASIS. GENERALLY
ONE RP HANDLES EVEN – NUMBERED MODULES AND ITS TWIN
HANDLES ODD – NUMBERED MODULES.

IOG – 11B
THERE ARE 4 CABINETS IN THE IOG SUPPLIED TO INDIA. TWO
OF THE CABINETS ARE CALLED NODE – A AND TWO NODE- B
THE DIMENSATION OF EACH CABINET IS : 0.79 m(W)
x0.4m(D)x2.135m(H)
THE HARDWARE OF IOG INCORPORATES THE EQUIPMENTS
FOR SPS, FMS, MCS.
37
MAN – MACHINE COMMUNICATION SUBSYSTEM
THE FOLLOWING HARDWARE AND THEIR RELATED
SOFTWARE FORM PART OF MAN – MACHINE COMMUNICATION
SUBSYSTEM.
-ALARM PRINTER
-ALARM DISPLAY PANEL
-ALPHANUMERIC TERMINALS ( AT ) : 32 PORTS PER IOG - 11B ;
16 ON NODE A & 16 ON NODE B .
-PC
RELIABILITY ASPECTS OF AXE
SYSTEM OPERATIONAL RELIABILITY IS ENSURED THROUGH
HARDWARE DUPLICATION AND ON- LINE SUPERVISION AND
CORRECTIVE ACTION.
DUPLICATED HARDWARE : CENTRAL PROCESSOR, SUPPORT
PROCESSORS IN IOG , REGIONAL PROCESSORS, BUSES ( EMB,
RPB, TSB, EMRPB ), SIGNALLING CHANNELS FOR SIGNALLING
BETWEEN RSS AND CP , GROUP SWITCH : A – PLANE& B – 38
PLANE,WORKING INDEPENDENTLY, HARD DISKS, MTUs
SUPPORT PROCESSOR SUB SYSTEM
SPS IS BASED ON APN – 167 SUPPORT PROCESSOR.
HARDWARE IS DUPLICATED IN TWO CABINETS – NODE – A
AND NODE – B . IT COMMUNICATES WITH I / O DEVICES AND CP
FOR MAN – M/C COMM. FILE MANAGEMENT etc.

FILE MANAGEMENT SUB SYSTEM:

HARD DISK 600 MB.
2 / NODE. IN RECENT SWITCHES
SINGLE 1.2 GB DISK/NODE
FLOPPY DISK DRIVES (1.2 MB ) / NODE
MAG. TAPE UNITS – 2 USED FOR
-EXTRACTING DETAILED BILLING
CALL METER DUMPING ON MAG. TAPE
-NEW FUNCTION BLOCK LOADING, INITIAL SYSTEM LOADING .
39
-(TAPE TO DISK.), TAKING SYSTEM DUMP.(DISK TO TAPE)
BUILT – IN CHECK FUNCTIONS FOR ON – LINE SUPERVISION OF
HARDWARE : ON DECTECTING FAULT, UNIT IS BLOCKED WITH SWITCH
OVER TO ,FAULT FREE UNIT.

40
THANK YOU

41
 Logical System Architecture
Application Application
Module Protocol Module
AM s AM

Application Service
Interface
Provides access to
shared system resources Application Platform

System Interface

System Platform

Figure 2.8
42
 The AM concept system
Existing
Architecture
A Application Application
Source
System Protocols A Module Protocols Module
AM AM
XSS

Application
Part of XSS APSI
APSI

Application Platform Resource Module

Part of XSS Platform
RMP

System Platform APZ

Figure 2.9
43
 AXE 106 Product Structure
AXE

AM RPM XSS APZ

System Modules (SMs)

Figure 2.10
44
 APPLICATION MODULES

An AM may only inter work with other AMs and the XSS via
AM protocols, using communication services made available
in the RMP.

AMs must be independent of the internal contents of other

AMs.

Protocols must never convey information of an internal

nature of an AM.

45
 APPLICATION MODULES
The benefits are
 Improved design- For each individual AM to be
designed, the most suitable software structures,
solutions & techniques can be used

 Co-ordination-The impact of new applications on

existing ones can be kept to a minimum & there is
good co-ordination between old and new applications.

 Portability- Portability of applications between

systems and markets is possible.
46
 APPLICATION MODULES
The benefits are
 Improved design- For each individual AM to be
designed, the most suitable software structures,
solutions & techniques can be used

 Co-ordination-The impact of new applications on

existing ones can be kept to a minimum & there is
good co-ordination between old and new applications.

 Portability- Portability of applications between

systems and markets is possible.
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 APPLICATION MODULES
The following functions belongs to the AMs or the XSS:

 Application related functions

 Subscriber services
 Traffic control
 Functions with extensive market variations
 Charging output
 Subscriber services
 Functions where network capabilities are required
 Routing to subscriber
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 RESOURCE MODULE
PLATFORM (RMP)
 The RMP is defined as a “collection of resources”.

 These resources are necessary for :

 The introduction of AM based applications

 The support of AM based applications

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 RESOURCE MODULE
PLATFORM (RMP)
 The RMP is “a set of rules” how to communicate with
XSS or between AMs.

 AMs communicate with one another or with the XSS

via the “communication services” included in the RMP.

 The main reason for having an RMP is to provide a

“location for shared system resources

50
 RESOURCE MODULE
PLATFORM (RMP)
The RMP consists of the following subsystems :

 Connection service subsystem (COSS)

which permit the user (XSS or AM) to establish switched
connections
 Controls 64 kbps transmission connections on a per call basis.
 Co-ordinates the use of physical switch resources, like channels,
conferencing, digit sending / reception,etc.

 Communication service subsystem (COMS)

 The control and co-ordination of inter-AM communication, that
is, communication between AMs in the same physical node.
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 RESOURCE MODULE
PLATFORM (RMP)
 Charging service subsystem (CHSS)
 Charge unit generation and timing
 Group switching subsystem (GSS)
 The main switching functions within the group switch.
 Extended switching subsystem RMP-located (ESS-R)
 Multi junctors (MJ)
 Announcement equipment.

52
 RESOURCE MODULE
PLATFORM (RMP)
 Charging service subsystem (CHSS)
 Charge unit generation and timing
 Group switching subsystem (GSS)
 The main switching functions within the group switch.
 Extended switching subsystem RMP-located (ESS-R)
 Multi junctors (MJ)
 Announcement equipment.

53
 RESOURCE MODULE
PLATFORM (RMP)
 Common channel signalling subsystem (CCS)
 The message transfer part (MTP)
 The signalling connection control part (SCCP)
 The transaction capabilities application part (TCAP)

 Operation and maintenance subsystem RMP-located

(OMS-R)
 Administration and maintenance of digital paths
 Connection performance test of the group switch.

54
 RESOURCE MODULE
PLATFORM (RMP)
 Common channel signalling subsystem (CCS)
 The message transfer part (MTP)
 The signalling connection control part (SCCP)
 The transaction capabilities application part (TCAP)

 Operation and maintenance subsystem RMP-located

(OMS-R)
 Administration and maintenance of digital paths
 Connection performance test of the group switch.

55
 Application Platform Service
Interface (APSI)
 The resources implemented in the Application Platform
are defined as services and described in an interface
called APSI.

 The objective of APSI

 A generic interface which may be used for AM based

applications world-wide
 Allow easy portability of AMs between systems.

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 EXISTING SOURCE SYSTEM
(XSS)
 The XSS is an SM which contains most of the
existing application (APT) functionality.

 The XSS appears to other AMs as an AM.

 The XSS communicates with AMs via AM protocols.

57
 EXISTING SOURCE SYSTEM
(XSS)
The reasons for maintaining the XSS are:

 Redesign of existing products is kept to a minimum.

 Reuse of the XSS ensures that the stability and quality

of existing products are maintained.

 The cost of redesign of the existing market products is

avoided.

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THANK YOU

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