Introduction to
Electrical Engineering
Saidur Rahman
M.Sc(Continue),B.Sc in EEE
E-mail:msaidurrahman@icloud.com
saidkrahman@gmail.com
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Difference between electrical and electronics?
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Electrical Electronics
The current flows through the conductor is electrical. The current flows through the semi-conductors is electronics.
Electrical deals with high power. Electronics deals with low power.
In electrical we deal with higher value(kA and KV). In electronics we generally deal in lower value of current (mA )
and voltages(in V).
Electrical used alternating current(AC). Electronics used direct current(DC).
In electrical insulator , capacitor are used but in electronics Electronics are those which can work on cells or battery like your
semiconductor is used cell phone, transistor,IC,diode etc...
Electrical is all about Generation (V), Transmission (I), Utilization Electronics is all about Automatic Control (y = f(x)). To
(R), Measurement (V=IR & P=VI) and Manual Control (Switch implement the automatic control, in the initial days Vacuum Tubes
/Regulator). were used, then Transistors were used. Now a days ICs are used in
Electronics
examples of electrical devices Transformer, Motor, Generator, Tv’s, DVD players, laptops, desktop computers, mobile phones,
Resistor, Capacitor, Inductor,fan,grinder machine etc. iPods, iPads, cameras, ovens, washing machines, game consoles,
printers, radios and any device that has electronic circuits that are
powered by an electric power source.
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Ohm's law
Ohm's law states that the current through a conductor between two points is
directly proportional to the voltage across the two points.
I∞V
Or,V=IR Introducing the constant of proportionality is resistance.
𝑽
Or, 𝑰 = 𝑹 Where,
V=Voltage
I=Current
R=Resistance
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V Voltage Voltage is defined as the electromotive force or the electric potential
Unit: Volts energy difference between two points (often within the context of an
electrical circuit) per unit of charge
I Current The rate of flow of electrons in a circuit.
Unit: Amps
R Resistance Resistor is an electrical component that reduces the electric current.
Unit: Ohms The resistor's ability to reduce the current is called resistance
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Ohm’s Law Experiment
Equipment: Experiment Setup:
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Result
Experimental Data Experimental Graph
Voltage Current Resistance
voltage vs current graph
0V 0ma 0KΩ 35
30
5V 5mA 1KΩ
25
Current(mA)
10V 10mA 1KΩ
20
15V 15mA 1KΩ 15
10
20V 20mA 1KΩ
5
25V 25mA 1KΩ
0
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
30V 30mA 1KΩ
Voltage(V)
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Electrical Safety
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Which is the killer Voltage or Current ?
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Electrical safety dress
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Electrical safety calculation
Without safety dress With Safety dress
Now we’ll see an equivalent circuit for a person
wearing insulated gloves and boots:
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Identification Of Resistor Using Color Code
Color Digit/Multiplier Tolerance(%)
B Black 0 Resistor Color Code (4 Bands)
B Brown 1 1
R Red 2 2
O Orange 3
R Yellow 4
Good Green 5 0.5
R= ab × 10c± Tolerance (%)
Here,
Boy Blue 6 0.25
1st Band, a=2,Red
Very Violet 7 0.1
2nd Band, b=7, Violet
Good Grey 8
Worker White 9
3rd Band, c=5, Green
Good Gold -1 5 Tolerance=5%, Gold
Student Silver -2 10
(None) No color 20 R= 27 × 105± 5%
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Identification Of Resistor Using Color Code
Color Digit/Multiplier Tolerance(%)
B Black 0 Resistor Color Code (3 Bands)
B Brown 1 1
R Red 2 2
O Orange 3
R Yellow 4
Good Green 5 0.5
R= ab × 10c± Tolerance (%)
Here,
Boy Blue 6 0.25
1st Band, a=9, White
Very Violet 7 0.1
2nd Band, b=7, Violet
Good Grey 8
3rd Band, c=0, Black
Worker White 9
Tolerance=20%, Blank
Good Gold -1 5
Student Silver -2 10
(None) No color 20 R= 97 × 105± 20%
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Identification Of Resistor Using Color Code
Color Digit/Multiplier Tolerance(%)
B Black 0 Resistor Color Code (5 Bands)
B Brown 1 1
R Red 2 2
O Orange 3
R Yellow 4
Good Green 5 0.5
R= abc × 10d± Tolerance (%)
Here,
Boy Blue 6 0.25
1st Band, a=3, Orange
Very Violet 7 0.1
2nd Band, b=3, Orange
Good Grey 8
Worker White 9
3rd Band, c=0, Black
Good Gold -1 5 4th Band, c=1, Brown
Student Silver -2 10 Tolerance=0.1%, Violet
(None) No color 20
R= 330× 105± 20%
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