Oil industry and Summer training

• Prepared By:
• Idris Fars
• Khalid Warty
• Zhewar Rwandzi
• Ali Salman

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Drilling technology widely is used in applied
sciences and engineering

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Drilling methods:
1.cable tool drilling

I. It can be defined as a drilling method in which a pointed a bit
attached to a cable
II. The bit is repeatedly lifted and dropped on the borehole
III. First oil well in USA was drilled with cable tools in 1895 to a
depth of 65 feet located in pennsylvania.
IV. Cable tool drilling method was in common use until the 1920’S

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Cable tool drilling


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Rotary drilling

I. Rotary drilling is a complex mechanical technique.
II. A drill bit is attached to the bottom hole assembly .
III. Rotary drilling was first used in Texas , 1900.

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Type of drilling wells

I. Exploration well.
II. Appraisal well.
III. Development well.
IV. Abandonment well.

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Drilling sequences

1) Installing the 30’’ conductor

I. First stage in the drilling operation

II. Depth approximately 100ft below ground level.
III. Outside diameter (O.D) of 30’’

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Drilling sequences

2) 26’’ hole & surface casing 20’’
I. It is the first hole section is drilled by a drill bit.
II. it has a smaller diameter than the inner diameter (I.D) of the
conductor.

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Drilling sequences

3)

17 ½ ‘’ hole & intermediate casing

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Drilling sequence

I.

When cement of previous section is set hard.
II. Wellhead housing is attached to the top of the 20’’ casing.

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Drilling sequence

I. Drilling 17 ½ hole section with a set of valves, known as a
BOP stack.
II. This uncontrolled flow of hydrocarbons is termed a Blowout .
 Type of BOP
I. Blind rams – seal of the hole
II. Pipe rams – seal of around the drillpipe
III. Shear rams – cut the drillpipe

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Drilling sequences

4) 12 ½ hole & production casing.

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Drilling sequence
5) Completing the well:

I. First step the operation is to run and cement production casing
II. Production tubing will installed to allow HC flow to the surface
III. Annulus between production casing and production tubing is
sealed off by packer

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Drilling sequence

I.

Christmas tree is installed on the top of the wellhead.

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 What is Surface Facility?
 Surface Facility Equipment's.
 Surface Facility Diagram.

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An oil facility encompasses the equipment between the oil wells and the
pipeline or other transportation system. The purpose of an oil facility is to make
the oil ready for sale to the purchaser's standards (maximum allowable water,
salt, and other impurities).

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 1.Heat Exchanger:

A heat exchanger is a device used to transfer heat between a solid

object and a fluid, or between two or more fluids. The fluids may be
separated by a solid wall to prevent mixing or they may be in direct
contact.

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2.Separator:

A separator is a large pressure vessel designed to separate

production fluids into their constituent components of oil,
gas and water, by utilizing the force of gravity.

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 3.Fired Heater:

A fired heater is a style of heater in which a burner provides

hot gasses that transfer their heat energy to a process liquid or
gas flowing directly through coils installed inside the heater
vessel.

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4.Oil Stabilizer:

Oil stabilization is a particular

application of model-predictive
control much like in refining.

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5.Storage Tank and Flare Stack:

 At a typical facility, sufficient storage is provided to

accommodate oil from two to three days of
production.
 And (sour) gas are flared.

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A control room is an operations control center where
the facility can be monitored and controlled.

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Part of sweet gas divided from contactor to generators from Condisiting
by fan and remove dirt and water from scrubber and for separate
(CH4,C2H6) by membrane to ready for regenerators


Other part of sweet gas pass to sweet gas separator and at there it portion
it for 4 instruments:
Stabilizer .1


Heater .2

Reboiler .3

tank .4
Now that lean amine which clean the gas it was dirtied by sour gas and it
will bi rich amine that riches under contactor and sweet gas separator we
need to reclean this amine to reuse it again

(amine flash tank)For reduce pressure to 450KPA

 (rich amine particle filter) to remove sand particle

(Rich/amine heat
exchanger)heat the rich amine
Rich amine going to tray 2 at regenerator that have same contactor (20
tray) and by steam that reboiler produce it the acid gas separated from
rich amine and %90 rich became to lean amine another time Colling by
rich/lean amine and %10 rich amine
Cleaned at reboiler

 

(Rich/lean amine heat exchanger)cool the lean amine booster pump to

push lean amine
The acid gas condensate by (fan) and a part going to acid gas
separator after that by a pump going to tray 1 to recline it another
part burned by flare

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1.Fixed:
2.Floating:

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1. Heat Exchanger.
2.Disalter.
3.Heat Exchanger.
4.Heater.
5.Tower

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Utility units: Such as cooling towers for furnishing
circulating cooling water, steam generators, instrument air
systems for pneumatically operated control valves and
anelectrical substation. • Wastewater collection and
treating systems consisting of API oil-water separators,
dissolved air flotation (DAF) units and some type of further
treatment (such as an activated sludge biotreater) to make
the wastewaters suitable for reuse or for disposal.
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Nitrogen (N2) is a colorless, odorless and tasteless gas that
makes up 78.09% (by volume) of the air we breathe. It is
nonflammable and it will not support combustion.

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1.Visel (601): to remove H2S
2.Visel (602): change marketman to di marketman
3.Visel (603): to wash the kerosene to remove salt
and sediment
4.Visel (604):drying by salt
5. Visel (605): clay tretment
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