ENTROPY & ENTHALPY

D.SREENIVASAN
ASSISTANT PROFESSOR
Department of Chemical Engineering
Paavai Engineering college
 OBJECTIVE OF LEARNING ENTROPY

 To describe "spontaneous" processes.

 To use the Second Law of Thermodynamics to predict the

physical and chemical changes.
 WHAT IS ENTROPY ?
 Entropy in Greek is termed as transformability
(Clausius developed in 1851)

 Entropy (S) = measure of randomness or disorder

 From second law of thermodynamics in any process

that involves a cycle the entropy of the system will
either stay the same or increase.
ENTROPY AND YOUR BEDROOM
ENTROPY INCREASES WHEN MELTING

ENTROPY DECREASES WHEN FREEZING

 OBJECTIVE OF LEARNING ENTHALPY

 Explain sign of enthalpy change for changes of state.

 Calculate enthalpy changes for reactions.

 Use bond energies to estimate heats of reaction.

 WHAT IS ENTHALPY?
 Enthalpy (H), it is a measure of heat supplied at constant pressure
(or)
Change in energy at constant pressure

 If energy is absorbed by a system ΔH is positive (Endothermic)

 If energy is released by a system ΔH is negative (Exothermic)

 EXAMPLES
Examples of exothermic reactions
Burning of hydrocarbons

Examples of endothermic reactions

Photosynthesis
Dissolving ammonium nitrate in water
 ENTHALPY IN REACTIONS

Energy is released when bonds are made

Energy is used when bonds are broken

Chemical reactions involve

Bond breaking
Bond forming
N2 (g) + 3H2 (g) = 2NH3 (g) ΔH°= -92.2 kJ