Department of physics

MASTER'S THESIS PROPOSAL

Nano-size Hydroxyapatite Powders Preparation by Wet-Chemical
Precipitation Route

Prepared by Supervised by

Bahroz Kareem Mahmood Assoc. Prof.Dr.Omer Kaygile

181114108

DECEMBER - 2018
1
List of contents

 Introduction…
 Purpose of thesis...
 Literature review…
 Method…
 Work schedule
 References
Introduction
The class of ceramics are used for repair and replacement of diseased and
damaged parts of the musculoskeletal system are referred to as bioceramics.
Two alternative ways to replace tissue are transplantation and implantation. The
advantages of bioceramic offer over transplant are availability, reproducibility and
reliability.
Bioceramic can be classified into three group which are (bioinert,bioactive and
biodegradable) ceramics.
Hydroxyapatite [Ca10 (P𝑂4 )6 (OH)2 ], (HA) which is inorganic bioceramic also
known as calcium phosphate ceramic that being main inorganic composition of
natural bone has been extensively investigated for medical application.
Because it has more stability and have the same stoichiometry Ca/p ratio 1.67 so
its equivalent to bones and teeth stoichiometry.
 many techniques have been developed for synthesis of HA such as
(mechanochemical synthesis, combustion preparation, wet chemical deposition,
electrochemical deposition, sol-gel method, hydrothermal synthesis) and many
more.

 HA can be used in various form of shape including powders, granules, dense and
porous block.

 There is a need to characterize the HA powder depending on desired application.

 Wet chemical precipitation route is the most talented route owing to its ease in
experiment operations, low working temperature, high percentages of pure
products and inexpensive equipment requirement.
Purpose of the thesis

 The aim of this study is to synthesizing nano-size particle of

hydroxyapatite HA powders by varying concentration (low, medium
and high) .

 Analysing the size and density of particles for any concentration.

 Finding the crystallization (Tc) and glass transition(Tg) temperatures

for different concentrations .
Literature review
 Natural hydroxyapatite and bone have similar physical and chemical
characteristics make it biocompatible, Its porous structure resembles native bone.
 The synthetic HAP is widely used in various biomedical applications in the form
of nano powders, films, scaffolds and coatings.
 Some article gives an overview of hydroxyapatite from its preparation and
properties to biomedical applications of its composites. It has all the characteristic
features of biomaterials, in particular, crystallographic similarity with natural bone
minerals.
 It has attracted the attention of researchers for the past 30 years as filler and an
implant material because of its excellent biocompatibility and bioactivity with
human bone and teeth.
 according to some articles result physicochemical property of any synthesized
nano-particle hydroxyapatite is depend on the method of preparation.
Method
 The starting materials are dissolving in deionized water separately.

 The pH of each aqueous solution is adjusting to desiring point.

METHOD SAMPLE ID CONCENTRTION
 Starting materials will be mixing. HA1
Reflux after mixing Low
(Sires1,S1)
HA2 Medium

HA3 High

NO reflux after HA1 Low

mixing
HA2 Medium
(Sires2,S2)
HA3 High

Exceeding reaction HA1 Low

time
HA2 Medium
(Series 3,S3)
HA3 High
 Work schedule
Duration
NO WORKING ACTIVITIES (month)

1
Preparation the starting materials and necessaries 1-2
2
Preparing low concentration HA by reflux method , no reflux and 2-4
excessing method
3
Preparing medium concentration HA by reflux method, no reflux 4-6
and excessing method
4
Preparing high concentration HA by reflux method, no reflux and 6- 8
excessing method
5
Calcination process for (low, medium and high) HA 8-9
6
Applying (SEM, TEM, XRD and DTA) on the samples 9-10
7
Writing the thesis 10-12
References
1. V.A. Dubok, Bioceramics-yesterday, today, tomorrow, Powder Metall. Met C+ 39
(2000) 381–394.

2. V.P. Orlovskii, V.S. Komlev, S.M. Barinov, Hydroxyapatite and hydroxyapatitebased ceramics,
Inorg. Mater+. 38 (10) (2002) 973–984.

3. M.P. Ferraz, F.J. Monteiro, C.M. Manuel, Hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: a review of preparation
methodologies, J. Appl. Biomater. Biomech. 2 (2004) 74–80.

4. Hench, L. L. Stability of ceramics in the physiological eniroment. In: D. F. Williams, ed.

Fundamental Aspects of Biocompatibility. Vol. 1. FL CRC Press, Boca
Raton, p. 67 (1981)
• 5.Zhang, S. and Go salves, K.E. 1997. Preparation and characterization of thermally stable nano
hydroxyapatite. J. Mater. Sci.: Mater.

• 6.Dorozhkin S.V. A detailed history of calcium orthophosphates from 1770s till 1950. Mater. Sci.
Eng. C. 2013; 33:3085–3110. doi: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.04.002. [PubMed] [CrossRef]

• 7.Wang, W. and Yeung, K.W.K. (2017) Bone Grafts and Biomaterials Substitutes for Bone Defect
Repair: A Review. Bioactive Materials, 2, 224-247.

• 8.De Lange, G.L. and Donath, K. (1989) Interface between Bone Tissue and Implants of Solid
Hydroxyapatite or Hydroxyapatite-Coated Titanium Implants. Biomaterials, 10, 121-125.
Thank you