BACTERIAS

INTEGRANTES
Jacqueline Mayorga
Pamela Morales
Paola Quinga
Gardenia Pionce
Liz Grefa
Luis Reyes
 INTRODUCTION
• Bacteria are prokaryotic microorganisms having a size of a few microns
(usually 0.5 to 5 .mu.m in length) and various forms including strands,
spheres (cocci), rods (bacilli), corkscrew (vibrios) and propellers ( espirilos).
Bacteria are prokaryotic cells, so unlike eukaryotic cells (animals, plants,
fungi, etc.), do not have the defined core or have, in general, internal
membranous organelles. Usually they have a cell wall and it consists of
peptidoglycan. Many bacteria have flagella or other systems and movable
displacement.
 OBJECTIVES
General Objective
• study the origin of the waxre
Objetives Specific
• Identify the general characteristics and structure of bacterium.
• Know the morphology of the bacterium.
 General information
• Organisms prokaryotes.
• Belong to the United bacterium
• Nutrition autotrophic and heterotrophic
• Reproduction asexual, by fission binary
• Motiles or not
• Are the more resistant between all them beings live.
Bacterial structure
 Structures unchanged
• DNA or Nucleoid: lies the genetic information
• Ribosomes: synthesis of proteins
• Cell wall: important structures of the bacterial cell
It gives rigidity and shape to the cell.
Can be flexible or light.
Is a barrier for those large molecules, such as proteins and nucleic
acids.
 Structures unchanged
• Cytoplasmic membrane: In it they located certain enzymes usually of the
metabolism energy.
Its main function is the transport of nutrients into the cell in a process
that requires energy.
 Variable structures
• flagella: gives movement to certain types of bacteria mobility and nutrients
for the cell.
• Monotrichous bacterium
• Vibrio cholera Pseudomonas aeruginosa
• Amphitrichous bacterium
• Spirillum serpens Bartonella bacilliformis

• Lophotrichous bacterium
• Spirillum volutans Pseudomonas spp.
• • Fimbriae or pili: protein appendices, may be rigid or flexible, varying in
diameter.
• • capsule or biofilm: the capsules and the layers mucous are composed by
polysaccharides, polypeptides or complex of polysaccharides and proteins.
• -Protection against desiccation
• -Protection against priority

• • Endospores: Resistance and perpetuation of the species

 Morphology

• The form of the bacteria to the microscope is determined by the rigidity of

its wall cell. Basically, is differ according to their form in cocos (spherical or
oval), bacilli (cylindrical or of canes; straight or curved) and spirits (spiral);
These last include: Treponema and Leptospira, Borrelia.
 Coco:
• Have form spherical, as if were a pea. An example of bacteria type coconut
can be Streptococcus pyogenes, which can cause tonsillitis.

Ilustración 2. N. meningitidis Ilustración 1. K. kingae

Ilustración 4, Vibrio cholerae

Vibrio:
• They are Jewish (slightly curved). For example, Vibrio cholerae, which causes
cholera.

Ilustración . parahaemolyticus Ilustración 4, Vibrio cholerae

 Espiroqueta:
• They have a corkscrew shape. An example would be the Treponema
pallidum, which causes syphilis.

Ilustración 8.Leptospira which

Ilustración 7. Spirochaeta Ilustración 6, Treponema
causes leptospirosis or Weil
plicatis pallidum
disease
 DIPLOCOCOS

• The diplococci are a group of bacteria that are characterized by being

associated coconuts forming couples. Among them diplococci pathogens
more characteristic find a:

Ilustración 10Streptococcus pneumoniae: Ilustración 9, Neisseria gonorrhoeae:

Neumococo o diplococo grampositivo. Diplococo gramnegativo.
 BACILOS
Have form of swab of the ears. An example can be the bacillus of Aertrycke,
responsible of the salmonella

Ilustración 11,Bacilo of Aertrycke:

Salmonella
 CONCLUSIONS

• the contribution of this study, is the identification of them types of bacteria level of
species giving features specific of each a, among them main features of them cells
bacterial is has the size, the form, the structure and the mode of grouping. These
characters constitute the morphology of the cell. The size of the bacteria, despite
their dimensions microscopic, can measure is with accuracy. Individual cells are
spherical, cylindrical or helical, shaped according to the species. On the other hand,
in certain bacterial genera, cells are associated with characteristic groups, the most
common of them are couples, clusters and chains. It is important to know these
grouping models because they are often characteristic of the species
 RECOMMENDATIONS OR OUTLOOK

• the main recommendation is that this information is transmitted, so that in

future research on bacteria is more detailed. You are advised that they deepen
more in this topic since it is very interesting.