ACTIVE PASSIVE

Dan drives a bike.

A bike is driven by Dan.

Active to Passive:
1. Subject and object exchange place.
2. Verb 3 is used in all passive sentences.
 Present Simple
Active: Ali (S) writes (V) a letter (O).
Passive: A letter is written by Ali .
Active: They write letters.
Passive: Letters are written by them.
Active Passive
Singular: He, she, it verb 1 + s or es Is + verb 3
Plural: We, you, they: verb 1 Are + verb 3
 Past Simple
Active: Ali (S) wrote (V) a letter (O).
Passive: A letter was written by Ali .
Active: They wrote letters.
Passive: Letters were written by them.

Active Passive
Singular: He, she, it: verb 2 was + verb 3
Plural: We, you, they: verb 2 were + verb 3
Progressive:

Active Passive Rule

• He is writing a • A letter is being Active: ing
letter. written by him.
Passive being
• We are writing • Letters are being
letters. written by us.

• He was writing a • A letter was being

letter. written by him.

• We were writing • Letters were being

letters. written by us.
 Perfect tenses
He has written a letter. A letter has been Active: has/ have/ had
written by him. Passive: been

They have written Letter have been

letters. written by them.

Sam and Tim had A letter had been

written a letter. written by Sam and
Tim.
We must keep the The door must be Active: must
door closed. kept closed. Passive: must be

A lion can kill an An elephant can be Active: can

elephant. killed by a lion. Passive: can be