Hazards and treatment of

residue from Sodium

Hydrosulfite Industry
1

PRESENTED BY
MR. SALUNKE NAGNATH ARJUN
ROLL NO.12CH60R37
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
IIT-KHARAGPUR
 Contents
2

 Introduction
 Sodium hydrosulfite industry
 Hazards associated with sodium hydrosulfite
industry
 Treatment method
 Conclusion
 References
 Introduction
3

 Sodium hydrosulfite is is a white crystalline powder

with a weak sulphurous odor.

 It is a water soluble salt and can be used as a

reducing agent in aqueous solutions.

 Mostly used in industrial dyeing processes.

 Sodium Hydrosulfite Industry
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 Two approaches for the manufacture of sodium

hydrosulfite are:
 (i) Sodium hydrosulfite is prepared by the reaction of
sodium bisulfite with zinc by the following reaction:

Zn +2SO2→ ZnS2O4 ………..(1)

ZnS2O4 + 2NaOH → Na2S2O4 + Zn(OH)2 …(2)
 Continued
5

 (ii) A second approach is based on sodium formate.

The main stoichiometry of the reaction is:

2NaCOOH +Na2CO3 + 4SO2→2Na2S2O4

+H2O+3CO2↑
Sodium Hydrosulfite Industry(Formate Process)
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 Hazards associated with Sodium Hydrosulfite
Industry
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 The residue contains three main components , namely

thiodiglycol, 2,2_-dithiodiethanol, and 1,4-thioxane.
 1,4-thioxane :The hazards due to 1,4-thioxane are as
follows:
 Potential Health Effects
(a)Eye: Causes eye irritation. May cause chemical
conjunctivitis.
(b)Skin: Causes skin irritation.
(c)Ingestion: May cause gastrointestinal irritation with
nausea, vomiting and diarrhea.
(d)Inhalation: Causes respiratory tract irritation. Can
produce delayed pulmonary edema.
 Continued
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 Thiodiglycol: The hazards due to thiodiglycol are as

follows:
 Potential Health Effects
(a)Eye: Redness. Pain.
(b)Inhalation: Diarrhoea. Nausea. Vomiting.
 2,2_-dithiodiethanol: The hazards due to 2,2_-
dithiodiethanol: are as follows:
 Potential Health Effects
(a)Skin: Irritation.
(b)Inhalation: Diarrhoea, lung problems.
 Treatment method
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 Residues of sodium hydrosulfite were obtained from

Shangdong Shuangqiao Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.,
China.
 The organic residues were obtained by heating the
sodium hydrosulfite residues at 100 ◦C for 2 hrs.
 Stratification of the solution is occurred and the top
layer (organic layer) is decanted .
continued
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Production of Solid Lubricant
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 Conclusion
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 The organic residues produced by the sodium

hydrosulfite industry can be processed to less
harmful products.

 The hazards of the residue can be minimized and can

be reused as lubricants in petroleum drilling fluid
field.
 References
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 1. ShangJ, Zhang Y, Zhou F, Lv F, Han F, Lu J,

Meng X, Chu P, Ye Z, Xing J ,Analysis of hazardous
organic residues from sodium hydrosulfite industry
and utilization as raw materials in a novel solid
lubricant production, Journal of Hazardous
Materials 198 (2011) 65– 69.
 2. http://nepis.epa.gov
 3. http://www.inchem.org
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