NANO RAM

Shashwat Shriparv
dwivedishashwat@gmail.com
InfinitySoft
 RAM
• Random access memory
( RAM) is a type of data storage
used in computers. It takes the form
of integrated circuits that allow the
stored data to be accessed in any
order — that is, at random and
without the physical movement of
the storage medium or a physical
reading head.
 Types of RAM
• Non-volatile random access memory (NVRAM) is the general
name used to describe any type of random access memory which
does not lose its information when power is turned off.
• ROM
• EPROM (Erasable programmable read-only memory)
• EEPROM (Electrically Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory)
• Flash memory
Upcoming
• MRAM (Magneto resistive Random Access Memory )
• RRAM (Resistive Random Access Memory )
• NRAM
• Volatile memory:( volatile storage or primary
storage device) is computer memory that requires
power to maintain the stored information, unlike
non-volatile memory which does not require a
maintained power supply.
• DRAM
• SRAM
• Upcoming
• Z-RAM (Zero capacitor RAM )
• TTRAM (Twin Transistor RAM)
 INTRODUCTION
• Nano-RAM, is a proprietary computer memory technology
from the company NANTERO.
• It is a type of nonvolatile random access memory based on
the mechanical position of carbon nano tube deposited on a
chip-like substrate.
• The proprietary NRAM™ design, invented by Dr. Thomas
Rueckes, Nantero's Chief Technology Officer, uses carbon
nano tubes as the active memory elements.
What is carbon Nano tube?
• Carbon nano tubes (CNTs) are
a recently discovered allotrope
of carbon.
• Carbon nano tubes have
amazing properties .
• It is stronger than steel and as
hard as diamond.
• The wall of a single-walled
carbon Nano tube is only one
carbon atom thick and the tube
diameter is approximately
50,000 times smaller than a
human hair.
• Nantero has created multiple prototype devices,
including an array of ten billion suspended nano
tube junctions on a single silicon wafer.
• NRAM technology will achieve very high memory
densities: at least 10-100 times our current best.
• Nantero's design for
NRAM™ involves the use
of suspended nanotube
junctions as memory bits,
with the "up" position
representing bit zero (Off)
and the "down" position
representing bit one (On).
• Bits are switched between states through the
application of electrical fields. The wafer (A small
adhesive disk of paste) was produced using only
standard semiconductor processes, maximizing
compatibility with existing semiconductor
factories.
• NRAM™ will be considerably faster and denser
than DRAM, have substantially lower power
consumption than DRAM or flash, be as portable as
flash memory, and be highly resistant to
environmental forces (heat, cold, magnetism).
• And as a nonvolatile chip, it will provide permanent data
storage even without power.
• Possible uses include the enabling of instant-on computers,
which boot and reboot instantly, as well as high-density
portable memory - MP3 players with 1000s of songs,
PDAs with 10 gigabytes of memory, high-speed network
servers and much more.
• In Nantero's technology, each NRAM "cell"
consists of a number of nano tubes suspended on
insulating "lands" over a metal electrode.
• At rest the nano tubes lie above the electrode "in
the air", about 13 nm above it in the current
versions.
Architecture of suspended nano tube memory
 How it works?
• Nantero’s nanotech RAM chip applies electrical
charges to nanotubes suspended over an electrode.
Applying the opposite type of charge to the tubes and
the electrode causes the tubes to bend down, touch, and
bind to the electrode, creating an electrical connection.
Applying the same type of charge to the tubes and
electrode causes the tubes to bend upward, creating no
electrical connection. The system reads these two states
as binary data’s ones and zeros. The high-capacity
NRAM chip maintains stored data when a host device’s
power is shut off and promises to be fast and energy
efficient.
WORKING OF NANORAM
 Benefits of NRAM
• Permanently nonvolatile
• High speed (comparable to SRAM )
• Small cell size ( comparable to DRAM )
• Unlimited lifetime
• Immunes to soft errors
• CMOS-compatible Process Flow
– Can be manufactured in any CMOS semiconductor fab
– Requires no new equipment
– No technology limitation for scaling
 Applications
• Computers and Laptops
(Enabling instant-on performance, with no waiting for
boot-up)
• Mobile devices
(Faster storage of more data for PDA’s and handhelds)
• Embedded memory
(More powerful microprocessor, micro controller, other
logic devices )
• Replacement of hard drives
 Future
• Nonvolatile memories will enable instant booting
of computers.
• Large memories can be build with nanotube
technology.
• Nonvolatile memories offer much better
performance combined with data storage when the
power is turned OFF.
 THANK
YOU

Shashwat Shriparv
dwivedishashwat@gmail.com
InfinitySoft