Manufacturing Processes

Dr K K Sharma
Raw Materials

 Before raw materials can be turned

into industrial goods, they must first
be obtained and then converted using
the primary manufacturing process.
Obtaining Raw Materials

 Mining- digging

 Drilling- pumping

 Harvesting- cutting
How are they converted?

 Thermal Processing- steelmaking,

smelting.

 Chemical Processing- polymer

formation, papermaking.

 Mechanical Processing- lumber

manufacturing, crushing rock.
Secondary Processing

 Changing industrial materials into

finished products. Six different
activities:
Casting and Molding

 Pouring or forcing liquid material into

a prepared mold. It solidifies then is
removed from the mold.
Forming

 Using force to cause a material to take

permanent shape, using a die, mold,
or roll.
Separating

 Converting a material to size and

shape by removing excess material
through cutting or shearing.
Conditioning

 Using heat, mechanical force or

chemical action to change the internal
properties of a material.
– Drying
– Heat treating
– Firing
Assembling

 Temporarily or permanently holding

two or more parts together.
Finishing

 Protecting and/or adding beauty to the

surface of a material.