WET

FINISH
Submitted by
ES
Prateek Gandhi
(MFT/18/91)
 Contents
• Introduction
• Chemical finishing
• Types of finishes
Antimicrobal
Lubricants
Antistatic
Flame retardant
Water repellent
Moth proof
Soil resistant
Wrinkle resistant
Stain resistant
Anti-pilling
Introduction

• Dyeing and printing is not the ultimate

steps
• Something is required to make the fabric
more suitable for end-use
• Quality of the fabric in terms of
appearance, handle, functionality enhanced
by physical or chemical means
• Chemical finishes = Chemical + finishes
• Chemical - a distinct or substance,
especially one which has been artificially
prepared
 Types of finishes
• Antimicrobal
• Lubricants
• Antistatic
• Flame proof
• Water repellent
• Moth proof
• Soil resistant
• Wrinkle resistant
• Stain resistant
• Anti-pilling
 Antistatic Agent
• Removal in synthetic fibres of the unwanted
effects of electrostatic charge.
• Electrostatic charge : undesirable adhesive
power and a resultant shabbiness
• Two types of Antistatic finish
1.Non-durable finishes-preferred for fibre
and yarn processing
finishes since ease of removal is
important
2.Durable finishes -durable to repeated
launderings from a single
 Antimicrobial
• Applied to textile materials with a view to
protect the wearer and textile substrate.
• Applied to the textile substrates by exhaust ,
pad-dry-cure, coating , spray and foam
technique.
• Extended to textiles used for outdoor ,
healthcare sector , sports and leisure.
 Benefits:
• protect from staining
• Discoloration
• quality deterioration
• odour-formation
 Lubricants
• Used to reduce friction
• Necessary for warp yarns and sewing
threads not to break during high-speed
weaving and stitching operations.
• Increase lubricity
Certain Lubricants are:
• Edunine INYL
• Cirrasol PE
Flame Retardant Finish
Flame retardant finishes provide textile with
an important performance characteristics
that is it stopped the propogation of fiber
when it comes in contact with fire.
 Needs of flame retardant
• Protection of consumer
• Fire fighter and emergency personnal
• Upholstery and drapery protection
• Military
• Airline industry
 Water Repellent Finish
• Resist the
penetration of water
into or through the
fabric
Methods
• The yarns are
coated with water
repellent material
like wax
• The water repellent
do not permit the
 • Treated with
chemicals to give
Water them a property which
repellent makes them water
resistant
• Raincoats, umbrellas
and tarpaulins
• It means water, if
showered on the fabric
Water proof briefly, cannot make
the fabric wet
• Breathable fabrics
 A fabric’s resistance to water depend will
depend on :
• Nature of fiber surface
• Porosity of fabric
• Dynamic spray behind the impacting water
spray
Application
 Crease Resistant Finish
• The formation of crease is an undesirable
property to the apparels.
• So material has to be made either crease
resistant or recoverable
• Mainly applied in cotton, rayon and flax
 Chemicals used
• Formaldehdye
• DMU ( Di-methylol urea )
• DMEU ( Di-methylol ethylene urea )
• DMDHEU ( Di-methylol di-hydroxyl
ethylene urea )
• Modified DMDHEU ( Di- methylol di-
hydroxyl ethylene urea )
• Wrinkles occurs due to the hydrogen
bonds of the cellulosic molecules in the
amorphous region
• Due to application of heat or moisture, the
hydrogen bond breaks and new hydrogen
bond occurs at new dimension
• Therefore wrinkling can be reduced if the
hydrogen bond formation can be reduced
 Soil Release Finish
• Soil release finish is a kind of finish which
facilates the removal of soil during
laundering under household conditions.
• Active wear and leisure wear are treated
with soil release finish.
• Soil release finish increases the
hydrophilicity of the material and increases
wettability.
• Soil release finish also improves the
antistatic properties, fabric drapability and
These finishes attract water to the surface
of fibres during cleaning and help to remove
soil.
 Moth proofing
• Moth proofing is a
finishing which is
given to prevent the
growth of moth.

• It is mainly carried
out on wool fabrics

• Application :
blanket, carpet,
sweater, jacket,
woolen cloths
• It is mainly carried out on wool fabrics as
the keratin molecules are consumed by
moths as food.
• Since woolen fabrics are costlier, they
have to be protected from moth.

Moth proof
finished bag
 Stain Resistant Finish
• Stain resistance refers
to a textiles’ ability to
withstand discolouration
caused by contact with
liquids, including oil and
grease, and/or solid
surfaces.
• Commonly a liquid stain
occurs as a result of a
fibre being Hydrophilic,
where the liquid gets
absorbed by the fibre,
and on drying the fibre
becomes unintentionally
• aa
 Anti-pilling
• Pilling is a phonomenon exhibited by
fabrics formed from spun yarns. Pills are
masses of entangled fibres that appear on
fabric surfaces during wear or laundering.
• Woolen fabrics are more prone to pilling
• Anti pilling finish reduces the forming of
pills on fabrics and knitted products made
from yarns with a synthetic-fibre content,
which are inclined to pilling by their
considerable strength, flexibility and
resistance to impact.
• Anti pilling finish is based on the use of
chemical treatments which aim to
suppress the ability of fibres to slacken
and also to reduce the mechanical
resistance of synthetic fibre

Factors affecting pill formation

• Fiber variables (denier, tenacity)
 References
• Fabric Science by joseph james pizzuto
• https://nptel.ac.in/courses/116102014/13
• http://fashion2apparel.blogspot.com/2017/
04/mechanical-chemical-finishing.html
• https://samagra.itschool.gov.in/index.php/
Publicview/navigateTotopic/12/28273
Thank You