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Definition:
Column is a long cylindrical member subjected to axial compression. Column
carries self-weight and load coming on it, Generally, load transfers through its longitudinal
direction.
• It follows that by intelligent use of available material, economical columns can be constructed.
• Buckling of slender columns and struts
• If a long thin flexible rod is loaded longitudinally in compression, it is noticeable that it deflects readily
near the mid point of its length with a considerable amount of displacement. The phenomenon is called
BUCKLING and occurs when the stresses in the rod are still well below those required to cause a
shearing type failure.
Euler buckling load for an axially loaded pin ended column is given by:
1. Based on shape
Rectangle
Square
Circular
L- section
T- section
• 2. Based on slenderness ratio
The ratio of the effective length of a column to the least radius of gyration of its cross section is called the slenderness ratio.
Radius of Gyration Formula
• K =√ I/ A Mathematically, Radius of gyration can be represented as;
• Where,
• K = Radius of Gyration
• I = Moment of Inertia
• A = Cross-sectional Area.