The document discusses the impact of technological changes on international business. It notes that technological changes can involve new production processes or new products, and that firms must be able to adapt to technological changes or risk failure. Technological developments create both opportunities and threats for businesses. They can increase demand for existing products or destroy jobs, but can also provide competitive advantages. The document also briefly discusses technology transfer and its internal and external forms.
The document discusses the impact of technological changes on international business. It notes that technological changes can involve new production processes or new products, and that firms must be able to adapt to technological changes or risk failure. Technological developments create both opportunities and threats for businesses. They can increase demand for existing products or destroy jobs, but can also provide competitive advantages. The document also briefly discusses technology transfer and its internal and external forms.
The document discusses the impact of technological changes on international business. It notes that technological changes can involve new production processes or new products, and that firms must be able to adapt to technological changes or risk failure. Technological developments create both opportunities and threats for businesses. They can increase demand for existing products or destroy jobs, but can also provide competitive advantages. The document also briefly discusses technology transfer and its internal and external forms.
International Business Prepared By Manu Melwin Joy Assistant Professor Ilahia School of Management Studies Kerala, India. Phone – 9744551114 Mail – manu_melwinjoy@yahoo.com
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Please seek permission to reproduce the same in public forms and presentations. Technological Environment Technological change can have impact on the decisions taken by international business. Technological change can involve: – New process of production: new ways of doing things which rises productivity of factor inputs, as with use of robotics in car assembly techniques which has dramatically raised output per assembly line worker. For example around 80% of technological change has been process innovation. – New products: For example, online banking and many new financial services are direct result of advances in micro processor based technologies. Technological Environment Technological factors sometimes pose problems. A firm, which is unable to cope with the technological changes, may not survive. Further, the differing technological environment of different markets or countires may call for product modifications. Technological Environment For example, many appliances and instruments in the U.S.A. are designed for 110 volts but this needs to be converted into 240 volts in countries which have that power system. Technological Environment Technological developments may increase the demand for some existing products. For example, voltage stabilisers help increase the sale of electrical appliances in markets characterised by frequent voltage fluctuations I power supply. However, the introduction of TV’s, Fridges etc, with in built voltage stabilizer adversely affects the demand for voltage stabilizers. Technological Environment Advances in the technologies of food processing and preservation, packaging etc., have facilitated product improvements and introduction of new products and have considerably improved the marketability of products. Technology and employment New technologies can both create and destroy jobs. For example, the US Internet banking company has introduced ‘smart’ technologies into every aspect of its operations, so that its $2.4bn of deposits are now managed by just 180 people, compared to the 2,000 people required to manage deposits of this size in less technologically advanced banks. Technology and competitive advantage Technological change provides national and international business with both opportunities and threats. For example, five new broadband wavelengths were auctioned in the UK in early 2000. Access to such wavelengths has been regarded as vital for the new generation of wireless application Protocol (WAP) products, making possible the internet, television and other interactive application on the third-generation of mobile phones. Transfer of Technology Technology transfer is the process by which commercial technology is disseminated. Two forms are – Internalized TT – Refers to investment associated with TT, where control resides with the technology transferor. – Externalized TT – refers to all other forms, such as joint ventures with local control, licensing, strategic alliances and internal subcontracting.