The Urinary System

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GROUP 5
The Urinary System
SLIDE 1

The urinary tract is the body's drainage

system for the eventual removal of urine. The
urinary system, also known as the renal
system or urinary tract, consists of the
kidneys, ureters, bladder, and the urethra.

GROUP 5
The Urinary System
SLIDE 2
The purpose of the urinary system is to eliminate
waste from the body, regulate blood volume and blood
pressure, control levels of electrolytes and
metabolites, and regulate blood pH. Average urine
production in adult humans is about 1–2 litres (L) per
day, depending on state of hydration, activity level,
environmental factors, weight, and the individual's
health.
GROUP 5
THE URINARY SYSTEM
SLIDE 3
Kidneys. The kidneys are located on
either side of the vertebral column in
the abdominal cavity, between the
twelfth thoracic and third lumbar
vertebrae. They from urine.the
macroscopic structure of the kidneys
is diagramed and labeled in figure .
Ureters. The ureters transfer urine
from the renal pelvises of the kidneys
John Badham to the urinary bladder. The ureters
are retroperitoneal.

GROUP 5
THE URINARY SYSTEM
SLIDE 4
Urinary bladder. The urinary bladder lies
posterior to the symphysis pubis and anterior to
the rectum. It stores urine. The urinary bladder
consists of four tunics ;the (innermost) mucosa,
which is folded into rugae that allow distension
of the bladder ; the submucosa, which provides a
rich vascular supply ; the muscularis, a smooth
muscle layer, (the detrusor muscle); and the
serosa, a continuation of the peritoneum. The
floor of the urinary bladder is a triangular area
called the trigone. It has an opening at each of
its three angels for the two ureters laterally and
the urethra at the apex. Sympathetic fibers
John Badham innervate the trigone, urethral opening, and
blood vessels ; parasympathetic fibers innervate
the smooth muscle wall.

GROUP 5
THE URINARY SYSTEM
SLIDE 5
Urethra. The urethra conveys
urine from urinary bladder to the
outside of the body. The internal
urethra spinchter, of skeletal
muscle, constrict the lumen of the
urethra causing the urinary
bladder to fill. The urethra of a
female is about 4cm long, and that
of a male about 20cm long. In a
John Badham male, the spongy urethra also
carries semen during ejaculation
GROUP 5
THE END
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