VOLTAGE SAG COMPENSATION USING

DVR FOR DFIG-BASED WIND TURBINE

SYSTEM

GUIDED BY: PRESENTED BY:

Mr . M. PANNEER SELVAM,M.E.,(Ph.D.),
Assistant Professor,
Department of EEE,
Sona college of Technology,
Salem-636005.
C.RAM KUMAR(1517206009),
ME-POWER SYSTEMS ENGINEERING,
Sona college of Technology,
Salem-636005.
 ABSTRACT
 The dynamic voltage restorer (DVR) for maintaining the grid codes to be
followed by the doubly fed induction-based wind turbine (DFIG) system.
Extended power handling properties of power electronics devices used
widely in the Electrical power system. It has raised the problem of power
quality issues, resulting into the problem of voltage sag/harmonic and etc.
The system to be designed will face the problems of voltage sag & will keep
the system healthy throughout the symmetrical & unsymmetrical fault
conditions.
This will also avoid the nuisance tripping of highly sensitive relays & will
also maintain synchronism of power system.
The DFIG system is done to maintain the constant voltage to frequency
output irrespective of wind velocity.
 OBJECTIVES
 The embedded ESS can store surplus wind power for release when
needed.
 By designing different power output commands, i.e., constant output
power or filtered output power,
 The ESS can effectively suppress the wind power fluctuations and
further improve the penetration level of wind power.
 The use of a DVR can significantly improve the FRT capability of the
WECS under symmetrical and asymmetrical voltage fault conditions,
and is particularly suitable for already installed DFIG-WTGs that do not
possess sufficient FRT capability.
 During a disturbance, the blocked wind power generation is stored for
subsequent use to suppress wind power fluctuations without any loss of
energy.
 LITERATURE REVIEW

 Alison Riddell, Steve Ronson, Glenn Counts, Kurt Spenser, Jun 20, 2017. The
extraction of power from natural resources like wind energy, solar
radiations, geo thermal etc. are on greater demand to meet the never ending
needs of the consumers.
 The pollution free utilization of these resources establishes a more reliable
yet costly means of harnessing electric power.
 The most popular among the wind turbine generators are the type three
generators with partially rated converters on the rotor side enabled by the
existence of slip rings.
 The type three, Doubly fed Induction Generators (DFIG) which is a wound
rotor induction generator has a direct grid connected stator and a set of
back to back PWM converters in the rotor to connect the rotor side to the
grid.
 The conventional method of control of DFIG is to control the Rotor side
converters and Grid side converters separately.
A. McDonald and G. Jimmy, Apr. 2017. The rapid growth of wind power has resulted
in increased attention to wind-energy generation technologies. Currently, there are
primarily four types of wind turbine generators (WTGs), each of which has some
unique characteristics.
 The most popular WTG is the double-fed induction generator (DFIG) based WTG
(DFIG-WTG), which combines the advantages of conventional WTG designs and can
provide approximately 40% speed variation, maximizing the amount of wind energy
captured
 However, the capability and control range of these methods are limited owing to the
reduced wind power acquisition.
As an alternative, energy storage systems (ESSs) have been well considered.
They not only can smoothen active power fluctuations but also can regulate reactive
power.
 J. Yao, H. Li, Z. Chen, X, Xia, X, Chen, Q, Li, and Y, Liao, Jul. 2013. On
the other hand, it has been proven that DFIG-WTGs exhibit problematic FRT
behavior compared with other types of WTGs. It suffers high sensitivity to grid
voltage disturbances.
 During grid faults, the DFIG’s rotor may experience damaging over-current,
the dc-link voltage may exceed the allowable limit, and the torque oscillation
may reduce the lifetime of the drive.
 Extensive studies have been conducted on realizing FRT capability
improvements of DFIG-WTGs.
 However, the main disadvantages, including the utilization of a crowbar,
series dynamic resistors, dc link chopper, STATCOM and energy storage,
indicate the increased system cost.
L. H. Yang, Z. Xu, J. Ostergaard, Z. Y. Dong and K. P. Wang,
May. 2012. Combining the advantages of ESS and DVR, a novel DFIG
based wind-energy conversion system (WECS) is proposed, where a
DVR is designed in series at the WTG’s terminal and in parallel to the
dc link of the WTG with the ESS.
This structure is based on the modification of the system topology.
Based on during normal operation, the ESS can absorb surplus wind
power.
And release it when needed to smoothen the output power of the
WECS.
Thus, the wind power fluctuations can be greatly suppressed and the
wind power penetration level in power grid can be enhanced.
EXISTING BLOCK DIAGRAM
Power electronics (PE) is an application oriented and interdisciplinary
area.
It uses power semiconductor devices to perform switching action in order
to achieve a desired conversion strategy.
The PE plays crucial role of conversion and control electrical power.
Therefore, PE based power converters are also widely used in renewable
energy systems.
The wind and solar-PV systems as they are the most promising renewable
energy sources for generation of electricity.
Therefore, sustainable growth of wind and solar-PV powered electricity
generation is expected in the years to come.
To illustrate and highlight the role of PE in research and development of
renewable energy systems using wind and Solar-PV.
PROPOSED BLOCK DIAGRAM OF DOUBLY
FED INDUCTION GENERATOR
Wind turbines use a doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG)
consisting of a wound rotor induction generator and an AC/DC/AC
IGBT-based PWM converter.
The stator winding is connected directly to the 50 Hz grid while
the rotor is fed at variable frequency through the AC/DC/AC
converter.
The DFIG technology allows extracting maximum energy from the
wind for low wind speeds by optimizing the turbine speed, while
minimizing mechanical stresses on the turbine during gusts of wind.
The optimum turbine speed producing maximum mechanical
energy for a given wind speed is proportional to the wind speed.
 SOFTWARE IMPLEMENTATION

SOFTWARE USED:
MATLAB(R2010)

MATLAB is a high-performance language for technical computing. It

integrates computation, visualization, and programming in an easy-to-use
environment where problems and solutions are expressed in familiar
mathematical notation.

Typical uses include:

 Math and computation

 Algorithm development
 Modeling, simulation, and prototyping
 Data analysis, exploration, and visualization
 Scientific and engineering graphics
 Application development, including Graphical User Interface building
 APPLICATION DEVELOPMENT TOOLS

 Modeling and Simulation

 Image Processing
 Signal Processing
 Control System
 Communications
 Neural Network
 Instrument Control
 Aerospace
 Fuzzy Logic
 Embedded matlab
 SIMULINK

 Simulink is a simulation tools library for dynamical systems. Any system in

nature can roughly be thought of as a “black box” receiving an input vector u
and eliciting a unique output vector y. In the case that both u and y vary with
time we are talking about dynamic systems.

 Associated with a system is the so-called state vector which loosely speaking
contains the required information at time that together with knowledge of the
input for time greater than, uniquely determines the output for continuous
dynamical system.
ANALYSIS OF SIMULATION AND RESULT
OUTPUT FOR DFIG(DUE TO VOLTAGE SAG)
OUTPUT FOR DFIG(AFTER COMPENSATION)
OUTPUT FOR DVR(DUE TO VOLTAGE SAG )
OUTPUT FOR DVR(AFTER COMPENSATION)
 CONCLUSION
 The GSC control algorithm of proposed DFIG has been modified for supplying the
harmonics and reactive power of the local loads. In this proposed DFIG, the
reactive power for the induction machine has been supplied from the RSC and the
load reactive power has been supplied from the GSC.

 This proposed DFIG based WECS with an integrated active filter has been
simulated using MATLAB/Simulink environment and simulated results are verified
with test results of developed prototype of this WECS.

 Steady state performance of proposed DFIG has been demonstrated for a wind
speed. Dynamic performance of this proposed GSC control algorithm has also been
verified for the variation in the wind speeds and for local nonlinear load.
REFERENCES:
[1] T. Ackermann, “Wind Power in Power Systems,” 2nd ed., Chichester: Wiley-
Blackwell, 2012.

[2] International Electrotechnical Commission, “Grid integration of large capacity

renewable energy sources and use of large capacity electrical energy storage,”
White paper, 2012.

[3] A. McDonald and G. Jimmy, “Parallel wind turbine powertrains and their
design for high availability,” IEEE Trans. Sustain. Energy, vol. 8, no. 2, pp. 880-
890, Apr. 2017.

[4] J. Yao, H. Li, Z. Chen, X, Xia, X, Chen, Q, Li, and Y, Liao, “Enhanced control
of a DFIG-based wind-power generation system with series grid-side converter
under unbalanced grid voltage conditions,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 28,
no.7, pp. 3167-3181, Jul. 2013.

[5] S. Alaraifi, A. Moawwad, M. S. El Moursi, and V. Khadkikar, “Voltage booster

schemes for fault ride-through enhancement of variable speed wind turbines,” IEEE
Trans. Sustain. Energy, vol. 4, no. 4, pp. 1071– 1081, Oct. 2013
THANK YOU