The Physics Of Venus’s

Atmosphere Topics
Covered:
1. Information about
Radius, Weight,
Density and Gravity
2. Temperature
Variation
3. Composition
4. Composition
Variation
5. Missions on Venus
6. Summary
GENERAL INFORMATION
Mass 4.8675×10 24 kg
(0.816 Earths)
Mean Radius 6,051.8 km
(0.9499 Earths)
Period of revolution 224.7 Earth  days
(0.62 years)
Mean distance from Sun 108.2 million km
Density 5.243 g/cm 3
Space Gravity 8.87 m/s 2
(0.904 g)
Escape Velocity 10.36 km/s
(6.44 m/s)
Pressure 92 times the Earth
TEMPERATURE
•Although Venus is not the closest planet to the sun, it

is the hottest planet of the solar system.

•The average temperature on Venus is 864 degrees

Fahrenheit or 462 degrees Celsius.

•The temperature on the surface of the planet is around

872°F or 467°C.
 Temperature changes slightly traveling through the

atmosphere, growing cooler farther away from the

surface.

 Temperatures are cooler in the upper atmosphere,

ranging from -43°C to -173°C.

 The highest surface temperature recorded is 482°C while

the lowest is 372°C

COMPOSITION
•Venus is often referred to as Earth’s twin planet.

•Venus is almost the same size, mass, gravity and

overall composition of the Earth.

•Hascore of metal, a mantle of liquid rock, and an

outer crust of solid rock.

•Venus Express discovered, in 2011, that

an ozone layer exists high in the atmosphere of
Venus.
• Carbon dioxide: 96.5%
• Nitrogen: 3.5%
• Argon: 0.006%
• Oxygen: 0.003%
• Neon: 0.001%
• Sulphur Dioxide 0.015%
• Water Vapour 0.02%
MISSIONS
 SUCCESSFUL MISSIONS

 Mariner 2 became the first spacecraft to visit another planet

in 1962 when it observed Venus’s carbon dioxide
atmosphere and high surface temperature and pressure.
 The US sent several orbiters and probes to Venus,

culminating in the launch of the Magellan mission in 1989,

which provided topography, radar imaging, and gravity data.
 Venus was then abandoned until the European Space Agency

sent Venus Express in 2005, followed by Japan’s Akatsuki in

2010.
 PROPOSED MISSIONS
NAME OPERATOR PROPOSED TYPE
LAUNCH YEAR

DAVINCI NASA 2021 Atmospheric

probe

EnVision ESA 2032 Orbiter

VAMP NASA 2026 Atmospheric

Balloon

Shukrayaan-1 ISRO 2023 Orbiter

THANKYOU