QUESTIONNAIRE DEVELOPMENT

Some basic aspects

• it is one of the methods of data collection

• it’s purpose is to obtain the true response of

the respondent for the stated research objective

• responses should be collected in a scale which

enables researcher to use the method of analysis
dictated by the research problem ( hypothesis)

• each question asked must serve to answer research

problems/questions/hypothesis.
Objectives of a Questionnaire

• it must translate the information needed into a

set of specific questions that respondents can
answer

• Questionnaire should minimize response error

• it should motivate, uplift, motivate respondents

to cooperate in giving information.
Questionnaire Design Process
Specify the Information Needed

Specify the Type of Interviewing Method

Determine the Content of Individual Questions

Design the Question to Overcome the Respondent’s Inability and

Unwillingness to Answer

Decide the Question Structure

Determine the Question Wording

Arrange the Questions in Proper Order

Identify the Form and Layout

Reproduce the Questionnaire

Eliminate Bugs by Pre-testing

Types of Questions

• open ended ( usually not preferred in conclusive

research)

• closed ended
• dichotomous questions
• multiple choice questions
• rank order questions
• rating questions ( continuous or itemized )
Important issues
• Is the question needed?
• Is it worded correctly?
• Is the respondent informed to answer?
• It is a leading question?
• Are several questions needed instead of One?
• Can the respondent remember?
• Can the respondent articulate?
• Confidentiality of the respondent maintained?

• PRE-TESTING OF QUESTIONNAIRE
 TOPIC- E-LEARNING IN MGMT

• TO UNDERSTAND PROFILE OF STUDENTS UNDERTAKING

E-LEARNING

• ASCERTAIN REASONS WHY STUDENTS OPT FOR

E-LEARNING

• TO FIND OUT FACULTY PERCEPTION TOWARDS E-LEARNING

PERSONAL INTERVIEW OF RESPONDENTS

INFORMATION LIST – OBJ-1
• GENDER
• PRESENTLY WORKING / NOT WORKING
• SINGLE / MARRIED
• IF MARRIED, NO OF CHILDREN
• IF WORKING , WHAT LEVEL OF ORGANIZATION
• YEARS OF TOTAL EXPERIENCE IN JOB
• GRADUATION IN WHICH STREAM
• % OBTAINED IN GRADUATION AND SCHOOL – TO ASCERTAIN WHETHER
STUDENT IS GOOD / AVG / POOR
• GRADUATION REGULAR / DISTANCE LEARNING
• WHETHER COMPLETED / UNDERGOING
• INSTITUTE FROM WHERE PROGAM TAKEN
INFORMATION LIST – OBJ-2
• IMPORTANCE ATTACHED TO E- LEARNING
• EASE OF ADMISSION
• EASE OF PACE OF LEARNING
• IS AFFORDABLE
• WON’T GET ADMISSION ANYWAY TO FORMAL EDUCATION
• CONVENIENCE IN LEARNING
• DOES IT ENHANCE KNOWLEDGE
• LEVEL OF INTERACTION WITH PEER GROUP
• LEVEL OF INTERACTION WITH FACULTY
• LEVEL OF COMMUNICATION WITH COLLEAGUES
• SOME EDUCATION IS BETTER THAN NO EDUCATION
• CAREER ADVANCEMENT

OBTAINED THROUGH ITEMIZED RATING SCALE

INFORMATION LIST – OBJ-3
(faculty perception )
Major dimensions include:
• a paradigm shift in learning
• easy source of revenue for mgmt
• low level of responsibility for faculty / mgmt
• learning equally good
• challenge to faculty
• copyright issues will dominate
• any other issues

OBTAINED THROUGH ITEMIZED RATING SCALE

Conversion of information to
questions in a questionnaire

Each of the information listed above are to be

Translated in questions which the respondents

Will respond. These are measurement questions.

 Analysis of data obtained
1. Cross – tabulation between institution and type of
student . Q12 gives type of student,
Q13 gives names of institutions which can be
classified as Highly reputed, moderately reputed etc
Chi- square test can be carried out. ( Template )
Good student Average Poor Student
Student
Institution A

InstitutionB

etc
 Analysis of data obtained
2. Separate cross tabulation for Q6 with Q13 and
Q7 with Q13.
Again Chi-square test can be carried out
( Template )

trainee Junior mgmt Middle mgmt Senior mgmt

Institution A

InstitutionB

etc
 Analysis of data obtained
3. Frequency distribution with respect to Age (Q1),
Gender, married(Q2) , Stream of Education (Q10)
Sample template:
Stream Frequency
Commerce
Physical Science
Biological Science
Engineering
Other Humanities
Others
 Analysis of data obtained

4. Q3 for the number of children has been asked

to ascertain the level of commitment of the
student towards E-learning.

More children the student has and still joining

to undertaken E-learning, shows greater
commitment.
 Analysis of data obtained
5. Factor analysis will be carried out
for rating scale statements to
ascertain different dimensions .
( these dimensions will be the reasons
as all statements are pertaining to
reasons for taking up E-learning)
With these factors we shall test whether each
Factor individually differs between institutions (q13),
Between categories of students (q12),
Between categories of streams of graduation (q10),
Between categories of different experience levels(q6)
between whether the course was sponsored (q8)
 Analysis of data obtained
6. Q14 will be used to segregate students who benefited
from doing the course and those who did not.
( dependent variable )
Factor scores shall be considered as independent variables
other independent variables will include experience,
marks obtained at graduation, etc.

Discriminant analysis shall be carried out to determine

the model that will classify between those who will
benefit and those who will not benefit.
Factors responsible for career advancement can be
evaluated by determine relative importance of factors.
 Analysis of data obtained

7. Cluster analysis can be carried out to identify

profile of different segments who take up
E-learning

8. Analysis of the Second Questionnaire

a) Based on Q1 we can segregate the faculty in terms
low level of experience, medium level of experience
and highly experienced in teaching
 Analysis of data obtained

8. Analysis of the Second Questionnaire

b) Factor analysis carried out and determine factors

Determine whether each factor separately equal
among different experience level of faculty.
c) Each factor is separately equal among faculties
of different areas of management.
d) Each factor is separately equal among faculties
who have taught at E-learning or otherwise.
( a to c - ANOVA , d – independent ‘t’ test. )