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Culture Documents
27 October 1945
• A British plane from Jakarta
dropped leaflets over Surabaya
urging all Indonesian troops and
militia to surrender their
weapons.The leaders of the
Indonesian troops and militia were
angered, seeing it as a breaking of
the agreement reached with
Mallaby earlier.
• The leaders of the Indonesian
troops and militia were
angered, seeing it as a
breaking of the agreement
reached with Mallaby
earlier.On 28 October 1945,
they attacked the British
troops in Surabaya, killing two
hundred soldiers.
28 October 1945
• On 30 October Sukarno (president
of RI), Mohammad Hatta (the vice-
president of RI), and Amir
Syarifuddin Harahap (the minister
of information of Indonesia)
negotiate a cease fire. A ceasefire
was negotiated with Major
General Hawthorn (the
commander of 23rd British Indian
Division) and Brigadier Mallaby
Death Of Mallaby
• On 30 October 1945,
Brigadier A.W.S Mallaby was killed
by the Indonesians
British Reaction
• Lieutenant General Sir Philip
Christison was angered when he
heard that Brigadier Mallaby had
been killed in Surabaya. During a
lull in the fighting, the British
brought in reinforcements and
evacuated the internees.
Main battle
• At dawn on 10 November,British
troops began a methodical
advance through the city under
the cover of naval and air
bombardment. Fighting was heavy,
with British troops clearing
buildings room by room and
consolidating their gains.