PHC 471 : DRUG DELIVERY SYSTEM I

PBL : LO 5
GROUP MEMBERS :
NUR SYAHIDAH SYAHIRAH BINTI BILANI (2017421404)
NUR FATIHAH BINTI ABU KASSIM (2017421056)
NUR HANISAH BINTI RUSLI (2017443388)
NUR SUHAILA BINTI MOHD DESA (2017421062)
NUR FARZANA BINTI CHE MOHAMED (2017421376)
 What is emulgel ?
Emulsion Gel Emulgel

• Emulgels for dermatologic use have several favorable properties such

as being thixotropic, greaseless, easily spreadable, easily removable,
emollient, no staining, long shelf life, biofriendly, transparent and
pleasant appearance.
 Types of Emulgels
1. Macroemulsions gel
• These are most common type of emulgels where the particle size of droplets of emulsion is more than
400nm.
• Microemulsions are thermodynamically unstable, but can be stabilized using surface active agents

2. Nanoemulgel
• When Nanoemulsion is incorporated into gel it is called as nanoemulgel.
• Nanoemulsions are thermodynamically stable transparent (translucent) dispersions of oil and water
stabilized by an interfacial film of surfactant and cosurfactant molecules having a droplet size of less than
100 nm.

3. Microemulsion
• Microemulsions are transparent and thermodynamically stable as their droplet size range from 10 to 100 nm
and they do not coalesce.
 Advantages & Disadvantages of Emulgel
Advantages of Emulgel
• Incorporation of hydrophobic drugs
• Better loading capacity
• Better stability
• Production feasibility and low preparation
cost
• Controlled release
• No intensive sonication
• Avoid first pass metabolism and provide site
specific drug delivery
Disadvantages of Emulgel
• Poor permeability of some drugs through
skin.
• Occurrence of bubble during formation of
emulgel.
• Drug which are of large particle size not easy
to absorb through the skin.
• Skin irritation or allergic reaction on contact
dermatitis
 Ideal properties of Emulgel
• Being greaseless
• Easily spreadable
• Easily removable
• Emollient
• Non-staining
• Longer shelf life
• Pleasing appearance
 Emulgel Marketed Product

• Voltaren Gel (diclofenac sodium topical gel) is a topical gel nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
(NSAID)
• Used to treat pain of osteoarthritis of joints that are amenable to topical treatment, such the
hands and knees.
EVALUATION PARAMETERS
OF EMULGEL

Physical appearance
-Emulgel formulations are inspected visually
for their color, homogeneity, consistency,
grittiness.
Spreadability
Emulgel placed over one slide and the other
slide was placed over its top such that the
gel is sandwiched.
-The time taken by the upper slide to
completely detach from the lower slide was
noted two slides
Globule size and distribution
Determination of pH
-1.0 g sample is dissolved in purified water
- Determined by using digital pH meter.
and agitated to get homogeneous
-pH meter electrode was washed by distilled dispersion.
water and then dipped into the formulation
-The sample was injected to zeta sizer. Mean
to measure pH and this process was
globule diameter and distribution is
repeated 3 times
obtained.
Skin Irritation Test
-Application of Emulgel and observed for 24 Rheological Studies
hrs. -Determined by using cone and plate
If no skin irritation such as redness of skin or Brookfield viscometer
anychange in morphology of skin.
-safe for topical application.
Drug content determination
-Take 1 g of emulgel, mix it in a suitable
solvent. Filter it to obtain a clear solution.
Determine its absorbance using ultraviolet
UV spectrophotometer