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Mucoadhesive Gel A
Review
By
Mina Mahdi Ahmed
Hiba Hussein Athab
Supervised By
Lecturer. Hiba Sabah Sabry
Outlines
Introduction MUCOADHESION THEORIES
Mechanisms of Mucoadhesion
Conclusion
Introduction
Drug delivery involves administering pharmaceutical
compounds to achieve therapeutic effects while ensuring that
the medication selectively reaches its target site without
affecting non-target cells or tissues. Various drug delivery
systems have been developed for treating human diseases,
such as liposomes, proliposomes, microspheres, gels,
prodrugs, cyclodextrins, and nanoparticles.
Topical preparations are favored for their reduced side effects,
ease of application, non-invasive nature, and painlessness
compared to other administration routes
Gel
Water (95%)
Glycoprotein and lipids (0.5-0.3%)
Mineral salts (1%)
Free protein (0.5-1%)
Wetting Theory
Diffusion Theory
Fracture Theory
Electronic Theory
Adsorption Theory
Mechanical Theory
MUCOADHESIVE POLYMERS
Molecular Spatial
Chain length Flexibility
weight arrangement
Hydrogen Polymer
Hydration of
bonding concentration
polymer
Charge and
degree of
ionization of
polymer
Classification of polymers
Anionic polymers are favored for mucoadhesive applications due to
strong hydrogen bonding with mucin, but they can precipitate with
multivalent cations, reducing adhesion. Their swelling and adhesive
properties are pH-dependent.
Cationic polymers like chitosan interact well with mucosal surfaces due
to ionic attractions with anionic groups on the membranes. Chitosan is
particularly notable for its low cost and permeation-enhancing
properties.
Non-ionic polymers adhere via polymer chain interpenetration with
mucin, though they are generally less adhesive than anionic and cationic
polymers and are not pH-dependent.
Classification of polymers
Gels &
Tablets Films patches
Ointment
Types of Mocoadhesive
Gels and Ointment: Semisolid dosage forms like gels
and ointments offer advantages in easy dispersion
throughout the oral mucosa, although dosing accuracy
may not be as precise as with tablets, patches, or films.
Poor retention of gels at application sites can be
addressed with mucoadhesive formulations. For
example Lidocaine
APPROACHES FOR MUCOADHESIVE GELS
Niosomal Gel
M i cr o pe ns i o n
emuls s
ion Nanosu l
Gel Ge
Mucoadhesive
r e s Nan
s pe opa
r o l r
i
M G
c e Gel ticle
Liposomal Gel
EVALUATION OF MUCOADHESIVE GEL