Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Dr.Gireesh kumar.K.P
AIMS cochin
HIV
• The etiologic agent of AIDS is HIV, which belongs to the family of human
retroviruses (Retroviridae) and the subfamily of lentiviruses
• The four recognized human retroviruses belong to two distinct groups: the
human T lymphotropic viruses (HTLV)-I and HTLV-II, and the human
immunodeficiency viruses, HIV-1 and HIV-2
• 1. HIV I – Most common HIV ,There are 3 groups of HIV I
– Group M(Major) – It is the most common HIV I , Sub types A,B,C,D,E,F,G,H,I,J and K -(C
in common in India)
– Group O (Outlier )
– Group N (New)
• 2. HIV II – HIV II is restricted mainly to Western Africa.
– The disease is less aggressive
– Slow CD4 fall,
– low rates of vertical transmission slow progression to AIDS
Transmission
HIV-1 integrase is a viral protein that has several roles. After the completion of reverse transcription of
the viral RNA genome into DNA, it appears in part, to be responsible for transporting the viral DNA into
the nucleus of the cell, a position where it has the ability to closely associate with one of the
chromosomes of the host cell.Then, integrase catalyzes the insertion, or integration, of viral DNA into
the host cellular DNA, a step of the viral lifecycle required for reprogramming the cell to produce more
copies of itself
HAART
• Most preferred NNRTI based regimen
– Efavirenz ( not to be given in pregnancy, give Nevirapine )
+ ( Lamivudine or Emtricitabine) + (Zidovudine or
Tenofovir)
• Most preferred PI based regimen
– (Atazanavir + RTV) + ( Lamivudine or Emtricitabine) +
(Zidovudine or Tenofovir)
INSTIs based regimen
• Tenofovir 300 mg PO OD
+
• Emtricitabine 200 mg PO OD
+
• Raltegravir 400 mg BD
• (Lamivudine may be substituted for emtricitabine.)