Lecture 12

Ro le o f kid n e y in arte rial

b lo o d p re ssu re
re g u latio n

Prof / samar el ghotny

 Prepared by
Dr /Samar El Ghotny
Professor Of Physiology
2017
 REGULATION OF ARTERIAL
BLOOD PRESSURE
Regulation of Blood Pressure

Nervous Renal Hormonal Local

Mechanism Mechanism Mechanism Mechanism

By By By By Local
Vasomotor Regulation Vasocons- Vasocons-
Center and of ECF -trictor and -trictors and
Impulses Volume and Vasodilator Vasodilators
from renin – Hormones
Periphery angiotensin
mechanism
Mechanisms controlling arterial blood
pressure
Short termcontrol (sec–min)

Intermediate termcontrol(min-
control(min-hours)

Long-termcontrol
(days,months and years)
Prof / samar el ghotny
Short-term control
1.Arterial baroreceptor reflexes (pressure
buffer system).
2.Atrial stretch receptor reflexes.
3. Peripheral chemoreceptor reflexes.
4.The central nervous system (CNS).
ischaemic response.
5.Cushing's reflex.

Prof / samar el ghotny

Intermediate-term control
1.The renin-angiotensin
vasoconstrictor mechanism.
2.Stress relaxation of the vasculature.
3.Capillary fluid sift to readjust the
blood volume as needed.

Prof / samar el ghotny

 Contribution of the kidney to the
in term ediate-term regulation of blood
pressure:
(Ren in an gioten sin system )

Prof / samar el ghotny

RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN MECHANISM

Decrease in Blood Pressure Normal Blood Pressure

Stimulation

Juxtaglomerular apparatus

Renin

Angiotensinogen Angiotensin I

Converting enzyme

Angiotensin II Vasoconstriction

Prof / samar el ghotny

RENIN-ANGIOTENSIN MECHANISM

Prof / samar el ghotny

 Actions of
angiotensin II
 C ontribution of the kidney to the
long term regulation of blood
pressure:
Renal–blood volume pressure control
mechanism

Prof / samar el ghotny

Long term mechanisms :
O ccur by variation of:
a) glomerular filteration
rate

b) Secretion of
aldosterone hormone.

Prof / samar el ghotny

Prof / samar el ghotny
 On the o the r han d,
Whe n the blo o d vo lume an d BP
KIDNEYS e xc re te le ss fluid by
Urin e fo rmatio n as a re sult o f
g lo me rular filte ratio n rate due to re n al
pe rfusio n pre ssure .

Prof / samar el ghotny

 How the kidney also control salt
balance and hence ECF volume and
blood pressure ?

Prof / samar el ghotny