Breast Feeding

I “Breastfeeding” is
the best natural
n feeding and
‘Breast Milk’ is
t best milk.
r The basic
o food of infant
d is mother’s
milk & most
u effective way
c to provide a
t baby with a
caring
i environment
o and complete
n food.
Define breast feeding ?
 Breast Feeding

Breastfeeding is the feeding of the infant or

young children with breast milk from a female
human breast (i.e., via lactation) not from a baby
bottle or other container.
"Exclusive breastfeeding"

is defined as
“no other food or drink,
not even water, except
breast milk for 6
months of life, but
allows the infant to
receive ORS, drops and
syrups (vitamins,
minerals and
medicines).”
 Advantages of Breast Feeding.
 Breast Milk is safest, cheapest & best protective
food for infants.
 Nutritive Value –
•It contains all the Nutrients in the Right Proportion.
•It helps in the Absorption of Calcium which helps in
the Bone Development.
•It provides 66 calories per 100ml.
 Breast Milk is easily Digestible.
 Breast Milk contains IgA, IgM, Macrophages,
Lymphocytes & provides Protection against various
Viral and Bacterial Infections.
 Advantages

BABY MOTHER FAMILY

 Advantages
to the Baby

Decrease in infections like – diarrahea, RTI (Respiratory Tract

Infections), otitis media.

Reduction of both type I & type II diabetes, lukemia, lymphomia,

asthma & obesity.

Enhances performance on congnitive development.

Promotes close physical and emotional bondage with mother.

 Advantages
to the Mother

Reduces the chance of postpartum haemorrhage.

Decrease risk of breast & ovarian malignancy(Cancer).

Mother can provide fresh, pure, ready made, clean

uncontaminated milk to her baby at right temperature
without any preparation.
Advantages to
the family
 Preparation For Breastfeeding.

Prevention of
Micronutrient deficiencies
In the
Rest & Regular exercise.
Antenatal
period -

Mother should be psychologically Examination of the Breast &

prepare to feed her baby Identification of the Problem
immediately after birth. like retracted nipple should
be taken care.
Initiation of Breast
milk
The first milk, should
Breastfeeding
be initiatediswithin
colostrum, most first
half an hour
suitable and to
contains
1 hour
of birth/as
high concentration
soon as of
possible. & other
proteins
nutrients.
Early Suckling
No food or
provides drink other
warmth,
than Breast
security andmilk
should be given
‘Colostrum’, the to the
baby’s
neonates.
first immunization.
Indicators of Adequate Breastfeeding

Baby sleeps well and

Let Down Sensation does not cry frequently
in mother’s breast

Baby gains weight and

has a good muscle tone
and healthy skin
Wet nappies 6 or
more in 24 hours. Bowel movements 3-
8 times in 24 hours
Different composition of Breast Milk

Colostrum
It is secreted during first three days
after delivery. It is thick, yellow
and small in quantities.
It is sufficient and protective
&
“It should not be discarded”.
 Different composition of Breast
Milk
Transitional Milk Mature Milk Preterm Milk
It follows the Colostrum It is secreted usually It is secreted only by
& is secreted in the first 10 – 12 days after the mothers who has
two weeks of post natal delivery . delivered a preterm
period. baby

It has ‘increased fat ‘It is watery but This milk contains more
and sugar content’ contains all proteins, sodium, iron,
& nutrients for immunoglobulins and
‘Decreased protein optimal growth of calories appropriate for
and the baby.’ the requirements of the
immunoglobulin preterm neonates.
content.’
 Different composition of Breast Milk
Fore Milk
It is started at the starting of the
regular breastfeeding.
It is more watery to satisfy the baby’s
thirst and contains more Proteins,
Sugar, Vitamins and Minerals
Hind Milk
It is secreted towards the end of
regular breastfeeding and contains
more fat and energy.
For growth and nutritional
requirement, both fore milk and hind
milk are needed for the baby.
“The mother should feed the baby allowing one
breast to empty to provide both fore milk and
hind milk, before offering other breast.”
 Technique Of Breast Feeding
Mother should be comfortable & relaxed
physically & mentally before giving breast feed.
Baby should be clean & dried before feeding,
otherwise baby may feel discomfort or may non –
cooperate during feeding.
Correct positioning of mother and baby is an
important aspect of successful breastfeeding.
Baby should be placed on the right side of the
after feeding. Mother should make baby dry &
comfortable.
 Position of Breastfeeding
Baby should be supported by the mother’s forearm in slight head, neck and
back in a straight line.
Baby should be hold close to mother with trunk to trunk in touch and facing
towards breast.

Side Lying Position Sitting position

 Position of Breastfeeding
Cradle Hold (Same Arm)

Holding your baby across your lap,

supporting her with the same arm as your
breast .
 Position of Breastfeeding
Cradle Hold (Opposite Arm)

Holding your baby across your lap,

using the opposite arm to the breast.
 Position of Breastfeeding
Football Position

Place your baby on a pillow and hold her/him

with her chest against your side and
her/his legs behind you.
 Latching

is the term used to describe the way your baby

attaches to your breast to nurse.
Correct Attachment of Latching

Signs that confirm a good latch:

Open wide mouth

baby’s chin touching mothers breast
Lower lip curled out
Upper areola more visible than lower areola
 Reflex’s in breastfeeding.

After proper positioning ,

when baby’s chin touches
the breast , check touches
the nipple, baby will open
the mouth in rooting reflex.

Rooting Reflex
Reflex

The suckling
of breast
stimulated
the milk
production
and
secretion.
 The milk
flows out
from the
glands into
the mouth
Sucking
Reflex

When baby suckles again and again in regular slow deep

sucks with good ‘sucking reflex’, the adequate milk flows
out & then baby’s cheek become full with milk
Swallowing reflex
The mother may
hear the
swallowing sound
and does not feel
pain in the nipple.

These all are the signs of good latching or

breastfeeding.
 HOW SOON ???
At the Earliest
In the healthy neonate the
sucking reflex is at peak –
30 – 40 min after the birth.
 Frequency and length of
breast feeding
Exclusive breast feeding
for 6 months.
On an average 650 – 850
ml milk is produced per day.
2 to 3 hourly or 8 feeds
per day or feed on demand.
Duration time is 25 to 30
min – both breast should be
fed each time.
Breaking the sucking of baby
 Expressed Breast Milk
Expressing milk means
squeezing milk out of
your breast so you can store
it and feed it to your baby at
a later time. You might want
to express milk if you have
to be away from your baby.
This could be because your
baby is ill or premature, or
because you're going back
to work.
 TYPES OF EXPRESSED BREAST MILK
 MANUAL EXPRESSION
 BREAST PUMP EXPRESSION

NOTE:
Expressed breast milk can be kept in
Room temperature: 8hrs
Refrigerator: 24hrs
Freezer( -20 degree celsius): for 3 months
Care For Mother
•Calories Intake – 300
to 500 extra calories
(2200 to 3000Kcal per
day).
•Balanced diet and no
weight reduction
•Iron and Calcium
supplementation
•Fluid intake – should
be increased but
excessive consumption
can result in the
reduction of the
production of the milk
(Dusdiekor in 1994)
 Inverted Nipples

Antenatal Examination and counselling for cleaning of

nipples and their aversion is important.
Use of Nipple shields & breast pump.
Inverted Nipples and Syringe Method.
A syringe-like The base should
simple be smooth enough
instrument as not to cause pain
used in Inverted
Syringe method and injury to the
without the breast.
wide base, Till such an
which causes instrument is
obstruction
when slipping available, a
the rubber band simple a 10 cc
over the nipple. plastic syringe is a
very good method
for certain nipple
conditions.
 Sore Nipples

Commonest.
Cause - improper latching.
Symptoms – pain.
Sign – nipple is red, cracked, bruised, blistered and tender.
Treatment – linolin/ emolient cream; air drying and
applying own hind milk, nipple shield for the time being.
Cause - Shallow latch, tongue-tie/lip-tie or other
anatomical variations, thrush, a bite, milk blister.
Symptoms – painful, Inflammation & bleeding.
Treatment – hydrogel dressings designed for nipple
healing. Take painkillers.
 Breaking The Suck Of Food
1)Tank up the baby on plenty of food during waking hours so that she
isn’t hungry right before bed or naps.
2) When putting baby to sleep put them on the breast as usual but only let them
eat for a short amount of time- a minute or even less. Wait till sucking slows and
then remove the boob from her mouth.
3) Try to gently hold her mouth closed by putting
pressure under her chin just under the lip while you
rock and hold.
4) If she struggles then replace the breast and start
the process again till she accepts falling asleep
without the breast in her mouth.
5) When she has done this several times over a
number of days the removals will be much easier
and the wakings less frequent.
Contraindications of breastfeeding

Real
Contraindication in
Maternal
Conditions –
Radiotherapy
Ergot Therapy
Antimetabolites
Therapy
&
Lithium Therapy
Thank
You