MITIGATION OF MOTION

IN TALL BULDINGS
Guide : Pradeep Karant

Seminar By : Devindrappa

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 Introduction

 Wind Engineering

 Need For Wind Engineering in Tall Buildings

 Methods to Mitigate Vibrations or motion

 Conclusion
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 INTRODUCTION
 As the development in technologies related to
construction is going on its way, it’s possible
to acquire new heights in the construction of high
rise buildings.

 Unfortunately, these advances in height are

accompanied by increased flexibility and lack of
sufficient inherent damping, increasing their
susceptibility to the actions of wind.

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 The next generation of tall buildings has been
influenced to the mitigation of wind induced
motions structural system or aerodynamics of
the structure.

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 WIND ENGINEERING
 Multidisciplinary field that deals with both
physical nature of wind and its impact on
engineering structures or systems.

The profile of the wind speeds in particular

must be taken into account when tall buildings
are designed, to resist wind effects.

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NEED FOR WIND ENGINEERING IN TALL BUILDINGS:
Buildings move when the wind blows but if the
wind-induced motion is excessive or regularly
perceptible, occupants can become
uncomfortable or even alarmed.

 Aerodynamic modifications, Structural

modifications, or the addition of damping
systems can reduce the building’s motion to a
level that ensures occupant comfort.

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 METHODS TO MITIGATE VIBRATIONS
OR MOTION;

Aerodynamic design.

 Use of Dampers

 Structural Systems.

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 AERODYNAMIC DESIGN
Study of gas flows –George Clayey (1800).

Understanding the flow pattern

Involves calculating for various properties of

the flow, (velocity, pressure, density, and
temperature, as a function of space and time).

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 Classifications in aerodynamics:

 Internal aerodynamics.

 External aerodynamics.

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fIg:1 Aerodynamic Modifications to Square Building
Shape.

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Such aerodynamic modifications include
slotted and chamfered corners, fins,
setbacks, buttresses, horizontal and vertical
through-horizontal and vertical through-
building openings, sculptured building tops,
tapering and drop-off corners as shown
above.

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 Changing the cross sectional shape
along the vertical axis, coupled with effective tapering, can be especially effective in reducing the crosswind forces.

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FIG:3 (a) Sketch of Jin Mao Building b) Photo of upper plan of Petronas
Towers
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The Jin Mao Building exploits the use of
setbacks and tapering up its 421 m facade and
is crowned by ornate tiers shifted from the major
axis of the structure creating an effect
reminiscent of the ancient pagoda. Similarly, the
benefits of tapering also were integrated into the
design of the 450 m twin towers.

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 Fig 4:
Shanghai World
Financial Center

Openings completely
through the buildings,
particularly near the top,
have been observed to
significantly reduce vortex
shedding-induced forces,
and hence the crosswind
dynamic response,
shifting the critical
reduced wind velocity to a
slightly higher value.
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 USE OF DAMPERS IN MITIGATING
VIBRATIONS INDUCED BY WIND:
DAMPERS:

 To reduce shock or vibration or noise.


 Four major sources of damping:
structural, aerodynamic, soil and auxiliary .

 At times, aerodynamic damping may also

contribute in the along wind direction, depending on
the wind velocity, structural shape, and building
dynamic characteristics
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 CLASSIFICATION OF DAMPERS:
 Passive control dampers

 Active control dampers

 Semi-active control dampers

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 Dampers
•Passive Control

• Base Isolation
• Tuned Mass Dampers
• Metallic Yield Dampers
• Additional Control Devices

•Semi-active Control
• Variable-orifice device
• Variable-stiffness control device
• Semi-active Tuned Mass Dampers
• Adjustable TLCD
• Controllable Fluid Dampers

Active Control
• Active Mass Dampers
• Hybrid Control Devices
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 THE STRUCTURAL CONTROL SYSTEM
Two Hybrid Mass
Damping System .
145mtall, 29 storeys over
ground, 2 floors below
ground, building is made
of structural steel and
part steel reinforced
concrete (SRC) and part
reinforced concrete
Ex:The Dowa Kasai
Phoenix Tower (fig(5))

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 CONCLUSION:
In light of the wide spectrum
of methods to mitigate wind-
induced motion presented
in this paper,
it is perhaps best to
conclude with an innovative
project which integrates
several of these design
approaches. Sir
NormanFoster’s Millennium
Tower concept, proposed
for construction in Japan,
soars 2500 feet skyward
Fig(6); Design concepts for Millennium Tower:
(a)load transfer; (b) aerodynamic with a base the size of
okyo’s Olympic Stadium
modifications; (c) auxiliary damping scheme). (Sudjic 1993).
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 CONCLUSION :

The paper addressed

a to improve the
performance of tall
buildings by a number
of passive and active
motion control devices
under wind loads
human comfort
considerations, as
well as several
seismic applications.
Fig(7): Schematic of Japanese Pagoda
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 REFERENCES:
 Mitigation of Motions of Tall Buildings with Specific Examples of Recent
Applications; Ahsan Kareem,1 Tracy Kijewski,2 Yukio Tamura3; 1999

Motion criteria in high rise buildings, Peter Irwin

Optimal Distribution of Fluid Dampers for Control of the Wind

Benchmark Problem Nat Wongprasert1 (S.M. ASCE) and Michael D.
Symans2 (M. ASCE)

http://www.91111- strike .com/ mitigation _ of _motion_pdf

Nishimura, I., Yamada, T., Sakamoto, M. and Kobori, T. (1997), “Control

performance of active–passive composite tuned mass damper”, Smart
Mater. Struct. 7 (1998) 637–653
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THANK YOU

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