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Collision Theory and Reaction Rates

Collision theory states that chemical reactions occur through collisions between reactant particles. For a collision to be successful, the particles must collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation to break bonds. The rate of reaction depends on the number of successful collisions, which can be increased by raising the concentration, temperature, or surface area of reactants. These factors provide more opportunities for reactants to collide with sufficient energy to form products through bond breaking and formation.

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354 views17 pages

Collision Theory and Reaction Rates

Collision theory states that chemical reactions occur through collisions between reactant particles. For a collision to be successful, the particles must collide with sufficient energy and proper orientation to break bonds. The rate of reaction depends on the number of successful collisions, which can be increased by raising the concentration, temperature, or surface area of reactants. These factors provide more opportunities for reactants to collide with sufficient energy to form products through bond breaking and formation.

Uploaded by

Alyssa de Guzman
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PPTX, PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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COLLISION THEORY

WATCH VIDEO
COLLISION THEORY

•COLLISIONS PROVIDE THE ENERGY


REQUIRED TO BREAK BONDS.
•MOST COLLISIONS ARE NOT SUCCESSFUL
THE COLLISION THEORY
1. MATTER IS MOVING PARTICLES.
2. TEMPERATURE INCREASES- PARTICLES MOVE FASTER
• -MORE COLLISIONS
• -MORE COLLISION ENERGY.
3. CHEMICAL REACTIONS
• -BONDS BREAK
• -NEW BONDS FORM
4. COLLISIONS PROVIDE THE ENERGY
SUCCESSFUL COLLISION
REQUIREMENTS
1. PARTICLES MUST COLLIDE
2. SUFFICIENT ENERGY
3. FAVOURABLE GEOMETRY/ CORRECT
ORIENTATION

3.
FACTORS AFFECTING
THE RATE OF REACTION
THE THREE FACTORS THAT CAN AFFECT THE RATE OF A CHEMICAL
REACTION ARE CONCENTRATION OF REACTANTS, TEMPERATURE, AND
PARTICLE SIZE.
CONCENTRATION
• AN INCREASE IN CONCENTRATION INCREASES THE
RATE OF REACTION.
•REASON: Concentration is the number
of molecules present in a specified
volume. When the concentration is high,
more particles are present; therefore,
there is a higher frequency of effective
collisions.
TEMPERATURE
• AN INCREASE IN TEMPERATURE INCREASES THE RATE
OF REACTION.
• REASON: Energy is applied to increase the
temperature. The added energy provides
additional kinetic energy to the reactant
molecules. Higher kinetic energies means
greater frequency of effective collisions.
PARTICLE SIZE
• THE SMALLER THE PARTICLE, THE FASTER THE RATE OF
REACTION.
•Reason: smaller particles have larger
surface area. The greater the surface area,
the more sites of collision there will be.
KEY POINT
• ACCORDING TO THE COLLISION THEORY, THE RATE OF REACTION IS DIRECTLY PROPORTIONAL
TO THE NUMBER OF COLLISIONS BETWEEN THE REACTANTS.
• AN EFFECTIVE COLLISION IS CHARACTERIZED BY REACTANTS COLLIDING WITH PROPER
ORIENTATION AND ENOUGH ENERGY TO SURPASS THE ACTIVATION ENERGY.
• THE ACTIVATION ENERGY OR ENERGY BARRIER IS THE ENERGY NEEDED TO BE SURPASSED BY
THE REACTANTS SO THAT THEY WILL BE TRANSFORMED INTO PRODUCTS.
• THERE ARE THREE FACTORS THAT AFFECT THE RATE OF THE REACTION: 1) CONCENTRATION,
2) TEMPERATURE, AND 3) PARTICLE SIZE.
• INCREASING THE CONCENTRATION OR THE TEMPERATURE OF THE REACTION LEADS TO AN
INCREASE IN REACTION RATE. ON THE OTHER HAND, DECREASING THE PARTICLE SIZE
INCREASES THE REACTION RATE

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