COLLISION THEORY AND THE

FACTORS AFFECTING THE

RATE OF CHEMICAL REACTION
MODULE 3
 • I can explain collision theory.
• I can determine the factors
affecting the reaction rate.
Learning • I can explain the factors affecting
the reaction rate using Collision
Targets Theory.
• I can analyze effect of chemical
reactions on life and the
environment

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Recapitulation:

Balance the following chemical

equations.
1. Mg + HCl → MgCl2 + H2
2. N2 + H2 → NH3
3. FeCl3 + NaOH → NaCl + Fe(OH)3

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COLLISIO
N THEORY
 • In 1888, Svante Arrhenius
suggested that particles must
possess a certain minimum
amount of kinetic energy in
order to react.

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Energy diagrams are used to
analyze the changes in energy
that occur during a chemical
reaction. The energy of the
reactants must be raised up over
an energy barrier.

Activation energy is the energy

required to initiate a reaction and
force the reactants to form an
activated complex. The activated
complex is located at the peak of
the energy diagram for a
reaction.
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 Collision Theory
• It explains how collision
between reactant molecules
may or may not result in a
successful chemical reaction
• Based this on theory, not all
collisions between the
molecules result in the
formation of products.

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Collision Theory

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Conditions of Collision Theory
The colliding molecules should
possess a minimum kinetic
energy, known as activation
energy, to start a chemical
reaction.
The reactant molecules should be
in correct orientation when they
collide.

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 Walt Disney

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Temperature
• The higher the temperature,
the higher the rate of
reaction.
• At higher temperature, atoms
have higher kinetic energy,
making the particles move
faster and therefore increases
the chance for the particles to
come in contact with each
other.
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 Surface area of
reactants
• Smaller particles size has bigger surface
area. Bigger surface area means bigger
exposed portions of a solid which are
available points of contact between
reactants.
• Higher Surface Area = greater rate of
reaction
• Particles more likely to collide

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Presence of a Catalyst
•The presence of catalyst speeds up the
rate of reaction. A catalyst provides an
energy pathway needed to start a reaction,
therefore increasing the reaction rate.
•A substance that speeds up a reaction
without being a reactant or being used up.

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Pressure
Increasing pressure forces reactant particles closer together,
increasing their interaction and the rate of reaction.

More chance of particles colliding and reacting.

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 Concentration of Reactants
•The higher the concentration, the
faster the rate of reaction.
Concentration is a measure of the
number of particles in a given
volume.

•A higher concentration means

greater number of possible effective
collisions among molecules
resulting to faster rate of reaction.
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9/3/20XX Presentation Title 17