PHYSICAL SCIENCE

FIRST SEMESTER
11
Module 5

Investigating Rate of Reactions and

Catalysts

By:
Daniel A. Lorenzo, MATS
M.B. Asistio Sr. High School Unit-1

Most Essential Learning Competency: Use simple collision theory

to explain the effects of concentration, temperature, and particle size
on the rate of reaction ( S11/12PS-IIIf-23), Define catalyst and describe
how it affects reaction rate (S11/12PS-IIIf-24).
 To the Learners
Before starting this module, I want you to divert your commitment and attention in
accomplishing this module while having fun. As general guide in utilizing this module,
carefully read the set of instructions listed below for you to be guided on how to
successfully attain the objectives of this kit.

1. Read and carefully follow all the guidelines, contents, procedures, and instructions
indicated in every page of this module.

2. This module provides provisions where you can write your answers.

3. Write key concepts and notable ideas you will encounter while using this module on
your notebook to enhance your acquisition of key concept from each lesson.

4. Perform and accomplish all the learning tasks and activities in the module.

5. Coordinate with your teacher for clarifications, misconceptions and elaboration of the
lessons and learning tasks.

6. Enjoy while utilizing this module and have fun learning!

Expectations

In this module, you will investigate the different factors which affects the rate of
reaction and explain how describe how catalyst affects the reaction rate.

Specifically, this module will help you to:

1. Describe simple collision theory;

2. Explain the effects of concentration, temperature, and particle size on the rate
of reaction;
3. Describe and explain the effect of catalysts in a chemical reaction; and
4. Cite the importance of understanding collision theory and the role of catalysts
in understanding different chemical reactions.
 Pretest
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the
blank provided before the number.

____1. Which of the following is the minimum amount of energy needed to start a
reaction?

A. Activation energy C. Entropy of reaction

B. Energy reaction D. Temperature

____2. Which of the following is a substance which lowers the activation energy of a
reaction?

A. Enzyme B. Polarity C. Reactant D. Temperature

____3. Which of the following DOESN’T affect the rate of reaction?

A. Enzyme B. Particle size C. Polarity D. Reactant

____4. Which of the following is TRUE about catalysts?

A. Decreases activation energy C. Increases the activation energy

B. Decreases temperature D. Increases particle size

____5. Which of the following is TRUE about temperature?

A. Decreases activation energy C. Increases the activation energy

B. Decreases particle movement D. Increases particle movement

Looking Back

Directions: Based on your understanding about our previous lesson about biological
macromolecules, complete the table below by supplying each with appropriate answer.

Carbohydrates Lipids Proteins Nucleic Acid

Monomer
Polymer
Composition
Function
Examples
 Brief Introduction

Rate of Reaction, Collision Theory

Collision theory describes how different reaction happens at different rates and
also explain the factors that influence the rate of reaction. Moreover, it also states that,
for a chemical reaction to happen, the reacting particles must collide with one another
and that the rate of reaction depends upon the frequency of collision between the particles
of the reactants and sufficient net activation energy must be met. Lastly, in order to
speed up the reaction rate, substance known as catalyst are added to hasten the reaction
by lowering the net activation energy requirements.

Factors That Affect the Rate of Reaction

Temperature: If the temperature is increased, the

particles have more energy and so move quicker.
Temperature is directly proportional to the rate of
reaction whereas an increase in temperature will
result to an increase in the reaction since particles
of a molecule possesses enough kinetic energy
allowing them to collide frequently with another https://bam.files.bbci.co.uk/bam/live/content/z88
4wmn/large
molecule.

Concentration: By increasing the concentration

of reactants results to an increase in the rate of
reaction since the number of reacting particles are
present resulting to a greater chance of forming
product.

Particle size: Particle size is inversely

https://bam.files.bbci.co.uk/bam/live/content/zwwkq6f/
proportional to the rate of reaction whereas an
large
increase in particle size will result to a decrease
in the reaction as smaller particle size is associated with better collision of particles due
to higher surface area.
 Catalysts and Rate of Reaction

Energy level of particles in a reaction varies even under fixed temperature which
results to some particles not able to take part in a reaction process and that those particles
having enough energy are able to take part in a reaction. This principle depends upon the
activation energy requirements for a reaction to take place. In addition, increasing the
temperature of the reaction will result to an increase in particles having enough activation
energy to take part in a reaction and also increases the rate of reaction.

How do catalysts work?

Catalysts are substances which increases the rate of reaction by decreasing the
activation energy. This process ensures greater proportion of particles of reactant having
enough energy to react. In addition, catalyst lowers the activation energy by orienteering
particles of a reactant to collide with other reacting particles. Moreover, catalysts react
with one another or with the reactants to form chemical intermediate which eventually
forms the product of a reaction.

One best example for this are metals which includes iron, copper and platinum which
can serve as catalyst in certain reactions. On the other hand, inside our body are
biological catalysts which aids in different chemical processes of our biological reactions.

The energy diagram below is used to illustrate how catalyst affect the rate of reaction.
the activation energy level of a reaction decreases under the presence of a catalyst. in
addition, the average kinetic energy of the molecules remains constant yet the activation
energy decreases.

https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fchemistryonline.guru%2Fcatalysis-short-
note%2F&psig=AOvVaw38doy6oTZHt8QCIZ90eM4A&ust=1592416935137000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQj
RxqFwoTCOiMqMf1huo
 Activity 1.1
Directions: Complete the following table by indicating whether each of the following
scenarios would either increase or decrease the rate of reaction.

SCENARIO EFFECT
1. Chopping chocolate bar before adding to a glass of water
2. Decreasing the surface area of the reactants
3. Using refrigerator to avoid food from spoiling
4. Adding a catalyst to the reaction
5. Diluting a solution

Activity 1.2
Directions: Complete the following table by indicating which factor would have the
greatest impact on the rate of reaction. Choose from concentration, temperature, particle
size or catalyst.

FACTOR CAUSING THE

SCENARIO GREATEST IMPACT ON
THE REACTION
1. A mummified Woolly Mammoth is found, well
preserved, near the Antarctica.
2. Dissolving chocolate powder on a glass of water
3. Heating HCl solution and chalk in a test tube
4. Cutting vegetables into thin slices before
cooking
5. Diluting hydrochloric acid before adding to
acetone
6. Pepsin in the stomach breaks down protein
7. Starch exposed to amylase in the mouth
8. Crushing candy into smaller pieces
9. Proteins turned into smaller polypeptide chain
due to protease.
10. Sugar dissolved in water
 Activity 1.3

Directions: Select the correct word from the box below and supply each blank with the
appropriate term to complete the concept about collision theory and rate of reaction.

1. A freshly exposed surface of iron instantly tarnished after being exposed to air and
moisture which is due to ______________.

2. Increasing the _____________ will increase the rate of reaction since the particles of
the reactants will move faster.

3. Decreasing heat will lower the ____________, causing the molecules of the reactants
to slow down, resulting in less collisions.

4. ______ refers to how much solute is dissolved in a solution. In addition, the greater the
concentration of reactants, there is a greater chance that ______ between them will
occur.

5. A concentrated solvent will react faster than ______________ solvent because there
are more molecules present which increases the chance of collision.

6. Grains of salt have a greater ___________ than a solid block of the same mass, and
therefore will dissolve faster in water.

7. An enzyme is a _________________ which speeds up the rate of reaction by lowering

the activation energy requirements.

catalyst energy dilute temperature

heat collision rate of reaction
concentration surface area

Activity 2
Directions: Based on your understanding about our previous lesson, create a potential
energy and time graph indicating how catalyst affect the rate of a reaction.
 Remember

 Activation energy refers to the minimum amount of energy needed for a specified
chemical or nuclear reaction to take place.

 Catalysts are substances which increases the rate of reaction by decreasing the
activation energy.

 Chemical reaction refers to a process that leads to the chemical transformation

of the reactants which involves rearrangement of the molecular structure of a
substance resulting to the formation of new product.

 Concentration refers to a factor which affects the rate of a reaction denoting the
increase in concentration is tantamount to an increase in the rate of reaction.

 Particle size denotes the idea that decreasing the particle size of a reactants will
increase its surface area resulting to an increase in the rate of a reaction.

 Temperature affects the rate of reaction by increasing the kinetic energy of the
reactants resulting to increase in collision between particles of the reactants.

Check Your Understanding

Directions: Based on what you have learned in this module, accomplish the table below
by citing different reactions in our day to day living and identify what factor influence the
rate of the identified reactions.

Factor which influenced

Example Explanation
the reaction
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
 Post-Test
Directions: Read the questions carefully. Write the letter of the correct answer on the
blank provided before the number.

____1. Which of the following is refers to a substance which lowers the activation energy
of the reaction?

A. Polarity B. Enzyme C. Temperature D. Reactant

____2. Which of the following serves as the minimum amount of energy needed to start
a reaction?

A. Energy reaction B. Activation energy C. Temperature D. Entropy

____3. Which of the following DOESN’T affect the rate of reaction?

A. Enzyme B. Particle size C. Polarity D. Reactant

____4. What will happen to the activation energy if a catalyst is introduced to a

reaction?

A. Constant B. Decrease C. Increase D. Cannot be determined

____4. What will happen to the rate of reaction when there is an increase in
temperature?

A. Constant B. Decrease C. Increase D. Cannot be determined

Reflection
Directions: Based on your understanding about the different lessons presented in this
module, express your critical and creative understanding of each lesson by accomplishing
this Reflective Learning Sheet and answering the questions inside the boxes. Good Luck
and Have fun answering!

How did my How will I apply What are the

understanding What learnings the concepts I positive attitudes
about this module have I found from have learned in and values I
changed my this module? my day to day developed from
perception about living? this module?
certain things?
 Bibliography

Bayo-ong, R. B., Coronacion, M.G., Jorda, A.T. & Restubog, A.J. (2017). Physical
Science for Senior High School (1st edition). Educational Resources Corporation

DepEd. (2020). Most Essential Learning Competencies (MELC). Teach Pinas.

https://www.teachpinas.com/k-12-most-essential-learning-competencies-melc/

DepEd. (2018). K to 12 Senior High School Core Curriculum – Physical Science

Curriculum Guide. Learning Resource Portal.
https://lrmds.deped.gov.ph/detail/14519

DepEd. (2017). Physical Science: Senior High School SHS Teaching Guide. Teacher.ph.
https://www.teacherph.com/physical-science-senior-high-school-shs-teaching-
guide/

Malenab, R.G., Catchiller, G.C., Vibal, P.S., & Martinez, F.B. (2006). Essentials of
Physical Science. Rex Bookstore

Punzalan, J. M. & Monserrat, R. C. (2016). Science in Today’s World for Senior High
School: Physical Science. Sibs Publishing House

Santiago, K.S. & Silverio, A.A. (2016). Exploring Life through Science: Physical Science.
Phoenix Publishing.