Mr. Jagdish Chaudhari Sir Ajaykumar B Jadhav INTRODUCTION STRUCTURAL COMPONENTS OF SFT COMPETITIVE FEATURES OF SFT CASE STUDY ON A SFT : TRANSATLANTIC TUNNEL CONCLUSION REFERENCES Tunnels in water are by no means new in civil engineering. Since about 1900, more then 100 immersed tunnels have been constructed. Bridges are the most common structures used for crossing water bodies. In some cases immersed tunnels also used which run beneath the sea or river bed. Submerged floating tunnel consists of many structural components. These components should provide strength and stiffness against the various forces acting under the water surface. The three basic structural components are: Tube Anchoring Shore connections It should accommodate the traffic lanes and the equipments. External shape can be circular , elliptical or polygonal. It may be constructed of steel or concrete. Corrosion protection is the main issue. Tube is composed of elements of length varying from one hundred meters to half a kilometre. There are basically fours types of anchoring: Submerged Floating Tunnel with pontoons Submerged Floating Tunnel supported on columns Submerged Floating Tunnel with tethers to the bottom Submerged Floating Tunnel unanchored The connections of the tube to the shore require appropriate interface elements to couple the flexible water tube with the much more rigid tunnel bored in the ground. This joint should be able to restrain tube movements, without any unsustainable increase in stresses. Invisible Length only from shore to shore Very low gradient Access to underground service-parking space at ends The actual SFT structure is only as long as the distance between the shores. If desired the SFT may be connected directly to tunnels and then be completely out of sight for any desired distance. A Transatlantic tunnel is a theoretical submerged floating tunnel which would span the Atlantic Ocean between North America and Europe. The transatlantic tunnel would be built of 54000 prefabricated sections connected by watertight and vacuum-tight gaskets. Transatlantic tunnel consists of many components. The main components of this Tunnel are listed below. Gasket/shell Sea anchors Utility conduits and service port Vacuum pumps Maglev train Guide ways Cost: - Due to lots of material and machinery involved in project, estimated cost is nearly 1.2 Thousand core dollars. Fire: - It is difficult to rescue people if fire will break out in train and also to face the problems due to the smoke of fire. Collision: - If in case of collision of two trains took place, it is very difficult to rescue the people. No Stoppage: - It is very difficult to stop the train travelling on such a high speed. The submerged floating tunnel will set up new trends in transportation engineering and which shows with the advances in technology that will reduce the time required for travelling. And make the transportation more effective by hiding the traffic under water by which the beauty of landscape is maintained and valuable land is available for other purposes. Forum of European National Highway Research Laborateries (1996), Analysis of the submerged floating tunnel concept, Transport Reasearch Laboratory Crowthrone , Berkshire, RG45 6Au. Havard Ostlid (2010), when is SFT competitive, Procedia Engg, 4 , 3-11 http://dsc.discovery.com/convergence/engineering/transarictunnel/ineractive/interact ive.html Design of the submerged floating tunnel operating under various conditions- Bernt Jakobsen accepted 30 July 2010 Christian Ingerlsev “Immersed and floating tunnels” Science Direct VOL. 4,2010 PP:51-59 Keqian Zhanga, Yiqiang Xianga *, Yinguang Dub Reasearch on tabular segment design of submerged floating tunnel and its applications “Sciecnce Direct VOL 4.2010, PP:107-116 Bernt Jakobeson “ Design of the submerged floating tunnel operating under various conditions “Scienece direct VOL. 4 2010, PP.71-79 Fei.Ge*, Wei Lu, Xiaodong Wu, Youshi Hong “Fluid-Structure ineracton of submerged floating tunnel in wave field” Science Direct Vol 4-2010PP:263-271
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