MK.

KEPERAWATAN KOMUNITAS

Model-Model
Keperawatan Komunitas

OLEH:
SARAH K. WULANDARI
POKOK BAHASAN
 Model-Model Keperawatan Kesehatan Komunitas
dan Kesehatan Masyarakat
1. The Neuman System Model
2. Pender’s Health Promotion Model
3. Model Keperawatan Anderson- McFarlane
‘Community as Partner’
4. Model Praktek Keperawatan Kesehatan
Masyarakat
THE NEUMAN-SYSTEM MODEL (1989)

Line of Resistance
 • “Can do it ourselves” attitude

 • Resilient to adversity

 • Good health is equated with being able to work

Normal Line of Defense

 • Good health care available

 • Roads usually quickly plowed

 • 911 system available

Line of Defense
 • Well-maintained roads

 • Neighbors usually help each other

Allender. et al., 2010

NEUMAN’S HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS MODEL
(1982)

Influenced by 4 variables:
physiologic, psychological,
socio-cultural, and
developmental variables

EQUILLIBRIUM in Nursing Paradigm

PENDER’S
HEALTH
PROMOTION
MODEL
PENDER’S HEALTH PROMOTION MODEL

 ‘Health promotion as actions that are

directed toward increasing the level of
well-being and self actualization in
individuals or groups’
(Pender, Murdaugh, & Parsons, 2006 on
Allender at el, 2010)
 c
FACTOR INFLUENCE PEOPLE’S PERCEPTION
ON HEALTH PROMOTION

 ◆ Demographic factors, such as age and race

 ◆ Biologic characteristics, such as height and weight

 ◆ Interpersonal influences, such as the expectations

of others
 ◆ Situational factors, such as availability of healthful
foods
 ◆ Behavioral factors, such as stress-coping patterns
MODEL
KEPERAWATAN
ANDERSON-
MCFARLANE
‘COMMUNITY
AS PARTNER’
MODEL PRAKTEK KEPERAWATAN KESEHATAN
MASYARAKAT
DASAR HUKUM:
 KepMenKes 279 Tahun 2006 tentang Perawatan
Kesehatan Masyarakat

DAFTAR PUSTAKA
 Allender, J. A. Rector, C. Warner, K. 2010.
Community Health Nursing: Promoting &
Protecting the Public’s Health. 7th Edition. USA:
Wolters Kluwer Health| Lippincott Williams &
Wilkins.
 Keputusan Menteri Kesehatan 279 Tahun 2006
tentang Perawatan Kesehatan Masyarakat
 Kholifah, S. dan Widagdo, W. 2016. Modul Bahan
Ajar Cetak Keperawatan: Keperawatan Keluarga
dan Komunitas. Jakarta: Kementerian Kesehatan
Republik Indonesia.
BAGAIMANA
DIAPLIKASIKAN DALAM
PELAYANAN
KESEHATAN -
KEPERAWATAN?