INTRODUCTION

TO
HYDROPOWER

DANU SALAM

PROGRAM STUDI MANAJEMEN

REKAYASA
PROGRAM PASCA SARJANA
UNIVERSITAS HALU OLEO
 OUTLINE

1. Introduction Hydropower
2. Tidal Power
3. Hidroelectricity
4. Run of the River
Hydroelectricity
5. Pumped Storage
Hydroelectricity
6. Small, Micro and Pico Hydro
7. Marine Energy
8. Ocean Thermal Energy
Conversion
9. Wave Power
1. Introduction to
Hydropower

Hydropower, hydraulic power or water power is

power that is derived from the force or energy
of moving water, which may be harnessed for
useful purposes.

Prior to the widespread availability of

commercial electric power,hydropwer was used
for irrigation and operation of various
machines, such as watermills, textile machines,
sawmills, dock cranes and domestic lifts.
 History
 Irrigation has been used since the 6 th millennium BC at
Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt
 Water clocks had been used since the early 2 nd millenium BC at
Mesopotamia and ancient Egypt.
 Qanat system in ancient Persia.
 Turpan water system in ancient China.
 In India, water wheels and watermills were built
 In Imperial Rome, water powered mills flour from grain and also
used for sawing timber and stone
 In China watermills were widely used since the Han Dinasty
 In Spain, the power of a wave of water released from a tank was
used for extraction of metal ores, it is known as hushing
 In Britain, hushing was also used widely to extract lead and tin
ores.
 In California, hushing evolved into hydraulic mining during
california gold rush.
 In China and the rest of the Far East, hydraulically operated pot
wheel pumps raised water into irrigation canals
 Modern Usage
E = mgh  

  ………………(1)
  p  

  ……………….…(2)
P:power (kilowatt)
h: height (m)
r:flow rate (m3/s)
g:9,8 m/s2
A conventional k:gravity (0~1)
dammed-hydro facility   p ……………….…(2)
(hydroelectric dam) is
the most common type for h is not changing

of hydroelectric power   If , v A = area through which

the water passes
generation.
  …………………..(3)
 2.Tidal Power
Tidal power, also called tidal energy, is a form of hydropower
that converts the energy of tides into electricity or other useful
forms of power.

The first large-scale tidal power plant (the Rance Tidal Power
Station) started operation in 1966.

Although not yet widely used, tidal power has potential for future
electricity generation.
Tides are more predictable than wind energy and solar power.

Among sources of renewable energy, tidal power has traditionally

suffered from relatively high cost and limited ailability of sites with
sufficiently high tidal ranges or flow velocities, thus constricting its
total availability
 Generation of Tidal Energy

Tidal power is the only form of

energy which derives directly
from the relative motions of
the Earth–Moon system, and to
a lesser extent from the Earth–
Sun system. Tidal forces
produced by the Moon and
Sun, in combination with
Earth's rotation, are
responsible for the generation
of the tides.
Tidal energy is extracted from
the relative motion of large
bodies of water. Periodic
changes of water levels, and
associated tidal currents, are
due to the gravitational
attraction of the Sun and
Moon. Magnitude of the tide
at a location is the result of
the changing positions of the
 Generating Methodes

1. Tidal stream generator : Tidal stream generators (or TSGs) make

use of the kinetic energy of moving water to power turbines, in a
similar way to wind turbines that use moving air.
2. Tidal barrage : Tidal barrages make use of the potential energy in
the difference in height (or head) between high and low tides.
3. Dynamic tidal power : Dynamic tidal power (or DTP) exploits an
interaction between potential and kinetic energies in tidal flows.