CIM

• Computer-integrated manufacturing
(CIM) uses computers to monitor and
control most aspects of manufacturing.
• Computers link design and production
operations with purchasing, inventory,
shipping, sales, accounting, and
payroll.
 Why use CIM?
• Responsiveness to rapid changes in
market demand and product changes.
• Better use of materials, machinery,
personnel, reduction in inventory.
• Better control of the total
manufacturing operation.
• Manufacturing High-Quality Products at
Low Cost.
 CAD
• Computer-aided design (CAD) uses
a computer and software to make
accurate drawings of parts and
products.
• CAD can show what the product will
look like, how it should be made,
how it will work, and what materials it
will be made of.
 CAD History
• CAD research began in the 1960.s in the
automotive and aerospace industries
(General Motors, McDonnell Douglas)
• In 1963, Ivan Sutherland developed the
first sketch pad for manipulating computer
graphics. As computers have become
faster and more powerful, CAD software
packages have become commonplace in
the modern industrial workplace.
 CAD History
• Boeing’s 777 airplane was designed
entirely on computer, without the
construction of an initial prototype
CAD Packages
• AutoCAD
• ProEngineer
• Ideas
• SolidWorks
• Unigraphics
• Others
 CAM
• Computers are also used to
operate and control many
machines and processes used in
manufacturing.
• CAD drawings may sometimes be
directly input into a CAM system.
 CAM History
• In the 1950.s MIT demonstrated the
numerical control of a machine using a
computer language called Automatically
Programmed Tool (APT).
•Numerically Controlled (NC) machinery
has been developed to perform a diverse
array of operations, such as milling and
turning.
 CAM History
• Other techniques for prototyping include
stereo-lithography, lamination methods,
and selective laser sintering .
• More advanced machining cells have
been developed that integrated many of
these machining functions
 Lean Manufacturing

A systematic approach to reducing

how long it takes to complete a
defined set of tasks out of the
conviction that “Time = Cost”.
 Lean Manufacturing

• Continuous improvement
• Just-in-time inventory
management (JIT)
• Teamwork
• Work cells
 8 Wastes in Manufacturing

• Wait time includes setup, handling,

order processing, storage/retrieval,
rework, inspection, breakdowns, and
unscheduled maintenance.
• In most of manufacturing, value-added
time is a small % of total time, and is
scattered throughout the process.
Just-in-Time Inventory & Production

• Designed to keep only the

immediately needed parts on hand.
• Saves costs because less storage
space is needed and there are
fewer unused parts.
• New parts are delivered to the
factory “Just-In-Time” to be used.
Just-in-Time Inventory & Production
• First implemented in Japan
• Eliminate sources of waste
• Receive supplies Just-In-Time
• Produce parts Just-In-Time
• Produce subassemblies Just-In-Time
• Produce and deliver finished products
Just-In-Time to be sold
 Advantages of JIT
• Low Inventory Carrying Costs
• Fast Detection of Defects
• Reduced Inspection and
Rework of Parts
• High-Quality Parts Produced at
Low Cost