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  • Một Số Thủ Tục Trong Gsm

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    1) Location update is a procedure where the MS informs the network of its current status and location. It occurs when the MS powers on, detects a change in location area, or at periodic intervals. 2) The location update procedure involves the MS sending a location updating request to the base station, which forwards it to the MSC. The MSC then authenticates the MS and updates the VLR with the new location information. 3) Call setup involves the MS or network authenticating the MS, assigning radio resources, and routing the call via the MSC, HLR and PSTN/other MS to establish a connection. The MSC acts as a gateway between the mobile network and external networks.

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    1) Location update is a procedure where the MS informs the network of its current status and location. It occurs when the MS powers on, detects a change in location area, or at periodic intervals. 2) The location update procedure involves the MS sending a location updating request to the base station, which forwards it to the MSC. The MSC then authenticates the MS and updates the VLR with the new location information. 3) Call setup involves the MS or network authenticating the MS, assigning radio resources, and routing the call via the MSC, HLR and PSTN/other MS to establish a connection. The MSC acts as a gateway between the mobile network and external networks.

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    26 views38 pages

    Một Số Thủ Tục Trong Gsm

    Uploaded by

    dakaru
    1) Location update is a procedure where the MS informs the network of its current status and location. It occurs when the MS powers on, detects a change in location area, or at periodic intervals. 2) The location update procedure involves the MS sending a location updating request to the base station, which forwards it to the MSC. The MSC then authenticates the MS and updates the VLR with the new location information. 3) Call setup involves the MS or network authenticating the MS, assigning radio resources, and routing the call via the MSC, HLR and PSTN/other MS to establish a connection. The MSC acts as a gateway between the mobile network and external networks.

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    of 38

    MỘT SỐ THỦ TỤC TRONG GSM

    Location update

    THỦ TỤC Call setup


    (procedure)
    Call deliver

    Handover
    Security
    Introduction

    4
    Base Mobile Switching
    station Center (MSC) 3
    5
    972 555 1212

    1
    PSTN 2
    6
    Các bản tin sử dụng trong các
    thủ tục
    • Mobility Management Messages (MMM).

    • Call Management Messages (CMM).

    • Radio Resources Management


    Messages (RRMM).
    Mobility Management Messages

    Message name Transmitted by


    AUTHENTICATION REQUEST Base
    AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE Mobile
    AUTHENTICATION REJECT Base
    IDENTITY REQUEST Base
    IDENTITY RESPONSE Mobile
    TSMI REALLOCATION COMMAND Base
    LOCATION UPDATING REQUET Mobile
    LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT Base
    LOCATION UPDATING REJECT Base
    IMSI DETACH REQUEST Mobile
    CM SERVICE REQUEST Mobile
    CM RE-ESTABLISHMENT REQUEST Mobile
    MM-STATUS Mobile/Base
    Call Management Messages
    Message name Transmitted by
    Starting a call
    SETUP Mobile/base
    EMERGENCY SETUP mobile
    CALL PROCEEDING base
    PROGRESS base
    CALL CONFIRMED mobile
    ALERTING mobile/base
    CONNECT mobile/base
    During a call
    START DTMF Mobile
    STOP DTMF mobile
    MODIFY mobile/base
    USER INFORMATION mobile/base
    Ending a call
    DISCONNECT Mobile/base
    RELEASE mobile/base
    RELEASE COMPLET mobile/base
    Abnormal conditions
    STATUS Mobile/base
    STATUS ENQUIRY mobile/base
    CONGESTION CONROL mobile/base
    Radio Resources Management Messages
    Message name Logical channel Transmitted by
    SYNC CHANNEL INFORMATION SCH Base
    SYSTEM INFORMATION (TYPE 1,2,3,4,5) BCCH Base
    SYSTEM INFORMATION (TYPE 6) SACCH Base
    CHANNEL REQUEST RACH Mobile
    PAGING REQUEST (TYPE 1,2.3) PCH Base
    IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT AGCH Base
    IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT EXTENDED AGCH Base
    IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT REJECT AGCH Base
    ASSIGNMENT COMMAND FACCH Base
    ADDITIONAL ASSIGNMENT FACCH Base
    PAGING RESPONSE SDCCH Mobile
    MERSUREMENT REPORT SACCH Mobile
    HANDOVER COMMAND FACCH Base
    HANDOVER ACCESS TCH Mobile
    PHYSICAL INFORMATION FACCH Base
    HANDOVER COMPLETE FACCH Mobile
    CIPHERING MODE FACCH Base
    CHANNEL RELEASE FACCH Base
    PARTIAL RELEASE FACCH Base
    FREQUENCY REDEFINITION SACCH Base
    FACCH
    CLASSMARK CHANGE SACCH Mobile
    FACCH
    CHANNEL MODE MODIFY FACCH Base
    RR STATUS FACCH Mobile/base
    SACCH
    Location Update
    Location Update
    • Location update là thủ tục mà MS
    báo cho hệ thống biết được trạng
    thái và vị trí hiện tại của nó.
    • Thủ tục này được MS chủ động
    thực hiện khi gặp phải các điều
    kiện sau đây:
    Điều kiện xảy ra Location
    Update
    • Location Registration (power on) -
    IMSI Attach.
    • Generic - every time MS detects a
    change in Location Area
    • Periodic - location updates at regular
    intervals set by the operator. (default 7
    hours)
    Các bước Location-Update
    Mobile Base Category Logical
    station station Channel
    Carrier sine wave
    FCCH
    SYNC CHANNEL INFORMATION SCH
    RRM
    SYSTEM INFORMATION TYPE3 BCCH
    RRM
    CHANNEL REQUEST
    RRM RACH
    IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT
    RRM AGCH
    LOCATION UPDATING REQUEST
    MM SDCCH
    AUTHENTICATION REQUEST
    MM SDCCH
    AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE MM SDCCH
    CIPHERING MODE COMMAND SDCCH
    RRM
    CIPHERING MODE ACK RRM SDCCH
    LOCATION UPDATING ACCEPT
    MM SDCCH
    TMSI ALLOCATION COMPLETE
    MM SDCCH
    CHANNEL RELEASE
    RRM SDCCH
    First time Location Update (1)
    HLR DB
    MSISDN IMSI VLR Address Sub. Data
    63+918+9499247 310+02+1234567890 vlr2 services

    HLR

    Loc Up
    IMSI Request
    IMSI
    MSC MSC BTS MS
    B
    BSC 1
    VLR2
    VLR1 Authen 1
    Loc Up + TMSI
    LAI 1
    Generic Location Update

    HLR Subscriber Info


    TMSI + LAI
    Del old Update
    data
    TMSI
    MSC MSC BTS MS
    B
    BSC 1
    VLR1 VLR2 Authentication
    1
    IMSI
    Loc Up + new TMSI
    Security Info
    LAI 1
    Call Setup
    Mobile-originated call, mobile to land call flow (part 1 of 2)

    MS BSS MSC/VLR HLR PSTN


    Channel REQuest
    IMMediate ASSign
    Complete layer 3 Info,

    AUThentication REQuest

    AUThentication RESponse

    Cipher Mode Complete


    Cipher Mode CMD
    Cipher Mode CMD
    Cipher Mode Complete
    TMSI REALlocation CoMmanD

    TMSI REALlocation COMplete


    SETUP
    Mobile-originated call, mobile to land call flow (part 2 of 2)

    MS BSS MSC/VLR HLR PSTN


    CALL PROCeeding

    Assignment Request
    ASSignment CoMmanD

    Assignment Complete
    Assignment Complete
    Initial Address Message (IAM)

    Address Complete message (ACM)


    Alerting
    Answer Signal/answer Message(ANM)
    connect

    Connect Acknowledge
    Call Establishment (MS-PSTNT)
    MSISDN (A)
    CC+ NDC + SN
    HLR 63 2 5113580

    MSISDN

    MSC MSC BTS B


    PSTN BSC MS
    1
    VLR1 VLR2 1

    LAI 1

    A
    Call Establishment (MS-MS)
    HLR DB
    MSISDN IMSI VLR Address Sub. Data
    63+918+9499247 310+02+1234567890 vlr1 services

    HLR
    HLR Enquiry
    IMSI = MCC+MNC+MSIN MSISDN MSISDN
    IMSI
    MSC MSC BTS B B
    MS
    BSC 1
    VLR1 VLR2 1
    VLR DB
    IMSI MSRN LAI
    2
    Services
    Speech
    LAI 1
    MSISDN (C)
    CC+ NDC + SN
    MSRN 63 918 9499247
    BTS MS
    C
    MSRN = CC+NDC+SN BSC 2
    2

    LAI2
    Call deliver
    Call Deliver to MS
    Mobile Base Category Logical
    station station Channel
    Carrier sine wave FCCH
    SYNC CHANNEL INFORMATION RRM SCH
    SYSTEM INFORMATION RRM BCCH
    PAGING REQUEST RRM PCH
    CHANNEL REQUEST RRM RACH
    IMMEDIATE ASSIGNMENT RRM AGCH
    PAGING RESPONSE RRM SDCCH
    AUTHENTICATION REQUEST MM SDCCH
    AUTHENTICATION RESPONSE MM SDCCH
    CIPHERING MODE RRM SDCCH
    CIPHERING MODE ACK RRM SDCCH
    SETUP CM SDCCH
    CALL CONFIRMED CM SDCCH
    ALERTING CM SDCCH
    CONNECT RRM SDCCH
    ASSIGNMENT COMMAND RRM SDCCH
    ASSIGNMENT ACK CM SDCCH
    CONNECT ACK FACCH
    conversation TCH
    conversation TCH
    conversation CM FACCH
    DISCONNECT CM FACCH
    RELEASE CM FACCH
    RELEASE COMPLETE RRM FACCH
    CHANNEL RELEASE
    Call Establishment (PSTNT-MS)
    HLR DB
    MSISDN IMSI VLR Address Sub. Data
    63+918+9499247 310+02+1234567890 vlr2 services
    HLR
    Enquiry HLR
    MSISDN
    IMSI = MCC+MNC+MSIN
    IMSI
    MSC 1 MSC 2 BTS B B
    MS
    PSTN BSC1 1
    VLR1 VLR2

    MSISDN VLR DB
    IMSI MSRN LAI LAI 1
    DATA
    310+02+1234567890 1
    MSRN
    A services
    POOL MSRN = CC+NDC+SN
    MSISDN (B)
    CC+ NDC + SN
    63 918
    9499247
    Mobile-terminated call, land to mobile call flow (part 1 of 2)

    MS BSS MSC/VLR HLR PSTN


    Send routing info.
    Provide roaming number
    Roaming number
    Routing information
    Initial address message
    Paging command
    Paging request
    Channel request
    Immediate assign
    Complete layer 3 info.
    Authentication request
    Authentication response
    Cipher mode cmd
    Cipher mode cmd
    Cipher mode cmd
    Cipher mode complete
    Mobile-terminated call, mobile to land call flow (part 2 of 2)

    MS BSS MSC/VLR HLR PSTN


    TMSI reallocation command
    TMSI reallocation complete
    SETUP
    Call confirmed
    Assignment request
    Assignment command
    Assignment complete
    Assignment complete

    alerting
    Address complete message
    connect

    Connect acknowledge Answer signal /answer message


    Handover
    (Handoff)
    Handover
    • The process by which an ongoing call
    handled by one cell is transferred to
    another cell.
    • Two reasons for Handover:
    – Handover due to Measurements
    – Handover due to Traffic Reasons
    Phân loại Hanover:

    1. Phân loại theo sự quản lý BTS:


    – Intra BTS - Intra BSC Handover
    – Inter BTS - Intra BSC Handover
    – Inter BTS - Inter BSC Handover
    – Inter MSC Handover
    Phân loại Hanover:

    2. Phân loại theo cơ chế chuyển giao:


    – Chuyển giao cứng (Hard handover).
    – Chuyển giao mềm (Soft handover)
    Intra-BSC handover
    Mobile BSS Logical
    station Channel
    conversation TCH
    conversation TCH
    MEASUREMENT REPORT SACCH
    conversation TCH
    conversation TCH
    conversation TCH
    MEASUREMENT REPORT SACCH
    conversation TCH
    HANDOVER COMMAND FACCH
    HANDOVER ACCESS new TCH
    HANDOVER ACCESS TCH
    HANDOVER ACCESS TCH
    PHYSICAL INFORMATION TCH
    HANDOVER COMPLETE
    conversation FACCH
    TCH
    conversation
    TCH
    MEASUREMENT REPORT
    SACCH
    conversation TCH
    conversation TCH
    conversation TCH
    MEASUREMENT REPORT SACCH
    conversation TCH
    Inter-MSC handover

    BSS1 MSC-A MSC-B BSS2 VLR-B MS


    Handover request
    Perform handover
    Allocate handover number
    Handover request
    Send handover report
    Handover request ack
    Radio channel ack
    Initial address message
    Address complete message
    Handover command
    Handover command
    Handover access
    Handover detect physical information
    Handover complete
    Handover complete
    Answer signal
    Send end signal
    Clear command
    Clear complete End signal
    Remove handover report
    Handover (1)
    HLR

    PSTN MSC/VLR 1 MSC/VLR 2

    BSC1 BSC2 BSC3

    BTS1 BTS2 BTS3 BTS4


    Measurement Report
    B
    Handover (2)
    HLR

    PSTN MSC/VLR 1 MSC/VLR 2

    BSC1 BSC2 BSC3

    BTS1 BTS2 BTS3 BTS4

    BI am OK
    Handover (3)
    HLR

    PSTN MSC/VLR 1 MSC/VLR 2

    BSC1 BSC2 BSC3

    BTS1 BTS2 BTS3 BTS4

    Measurement Report B
    Handover (4)
    HLR

    PSTN MSC/VLR 1 MSC/VLR 2

    BSC1 BSC2 BSC3

    BTS1 BTS2 BTS3 BTS4

    BI am OK
    Handover (5)
    HLR

    PSTN MSC/VLR 1 MSC/VLR 2

    BSC1 BSC2 BSC3

    BTS1 BTS2 BTS3 BTS4

    Measurement Report B
    Handover (6)
    HLR

    PSTN MSC/VLR 1 MSC/VLR 2

    BSC1 BSC2 BSC3

    BTS1 BTS2 BTS3 BTS4

    I am OK
    B
    Handover (7)
    HLR

    PSTN MSC/VLR 1 MSC/VLR 2

    BSC1 BSC2 BSC3

    BTS1 BTS2 BTS3 BTS4

    B
    Security Management
    Security Management

    Thủ tục bảo mâ ̣t gồm 2 phần:


    1. Nhâ ̣n thực thuê bao: dựa vào các thông số
    lư trữ trong HLR và SIM thông qua thuâ ̣t
    toán A3 và A8.
    2. Mâ ̣t mã tín hiê ̣u: thuâ ̣t toán sử dụng A5.
    GSM Security Management
    AuC VLR BTS Air Interface ME SIM

    RAND
    SRES Authentication SRES Ki
    Ki A3 COMPARING A3

    Request of IMEI
    EIR IMEI Checking ME
    Provide IMEI

    Traffic Traffic
    Ciphering
    Kc Kc
    A8 A5 EncryptedData
    Encrypted Data A5 A8

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