TOPIC:- SCRAP, SPOILAGE AND WASTE

A project submitted to
University of Mumbai for partial completion of the degree of
Bachelor in commerce (accounting and finance)
Under the Faculty of Commerce.
By
Yadav Sonali Sabhajeet
Under the Guidance of
Ms. Sonal Shinde
Changu Kana Thakur Arts,Commerce and Science College.
 INTRODUCTION

Meaning

SCRAP

Something that you do not want any more but that is made to material
that can be used again.
Example:- The hulls of Ships, In 2013, about 29 million tons of scrap
steel was recovered from broken ships.
 TYPES OF SCRAP

• Legitimate scrap

• Administrative scrap

• Defective scrap
 ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGS OF
RECYCLIN SCRAP

ADVANTAGES

1. Recycling Scrap Metal Benefits the Environment

2. Recycling Scrap Metal Can Earn You Money

DISADVANTAGS

• need to be manually separated from other recyclable material such as

plastic and paper, according to Waste Care.
 SPOILAGE

The action or process of spoiling, especially the deterioration of food

and other perishable goods.
Example:- Fish, Meat, milk and bread are perishable foods.
 TYPES OF SPOILAGE

• Normal spoilage

• Abnormal spoilage
CAUSES OF SPOILAGE

1. Bacteria
2. Protozoa
3. Fungi
4. Temperature
 ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGS OF
SPOILAGE

Advantages of food preservation:

Germs do not grow easily in preserved food and make it safe to eat.

Disadvantages of food preservation:

Excess salt and sugar are used in the preservation of food which is not good
for health.
 WASTE

Waste are unwanted or unusable material. Waste is any substance which

is discarded after primary use, or is worthless, defective and of no use.
Example:- municipal solid waste, hazardous waste, wastewater.
 TYPES OF WASTE

• Normal Waste

• Abnormal Waste
 ADVANTAGES/DISADVANTAGS OF WASTE

ADVANTAGES

Create employment
Reduce environmental pollution

DISADVANTAGES

The resultant product has a short life

The sites are often dangerous:
 SHRINKAGE OF RAW MATERIALS

• Inventory shrinkage is the term used to describe the loss of inventory

. The term shrinkage is also used by manufactures when referring to
the loss of raw materials during a production process.
 TYPES OF SHRINKAGE

• Plastic Shrinkage:
• Drying Shrinkage:
• Carbonation Shrinkage:
• Autogenous shrinkage
 FACTORS AFFECTING SHRINKAGE

• Water-Cement Ratio
• Environmental Condition
• Time
• Type of Aggregate
• Admixtures