ETIKA

Dicetuskan dalam Belmont report 1979-USA

Penelitian  menggunakan subjek manusia
• respect for person
• beneficence
•justice
 ETIKA BIOMEDIS

Beauchamp and Childress (1979)

Dasar:
HAM dan personal autonomy
• Respect for autonomy
• Beneficence
• Justice
• Non-maleficence
 THE NEW SENSE OF BIOETHICS

Soenarto S. 2012
Menambahkan kebudayaan lokal, agama, tradisi, dan
plurarisme dalam Bioetik
• Belief in God or faith
• Respect for others
• Beneficence
• Non-maleficence
• Social justice for all
 PRINSIP DASAR ETIKA BIOMEDIS
(new sense of bioethics-Soenarto)

• Belief in God or faith

• Beneficence – a practitioner should act in the best
interest of the patient
• Non-maleficence – “first, do no harm”
• Autonomy - the patient has the right to refuse or
choose their treatment
• Justice – concerns the distribution of scarce health
resources, and the decision of who gets what
treatment (fairness and equality)
 BENEFICENCE

• A practitioner should act in the best interest of the

patient
• Doing good  tindakan berbuat baik
• Contoh:
-Protect and defend the rights of others
-Prevent harm from occuring to others
-Remove condition that will cause harm to others
-Help person with disabilities
-Rescue person in danger
 NON-MALEFICENCE

• “first, do no harm”
• Contoh:
-Do not kill
-Do not cause pain or suffering
-Do not incapacitate  make unable
-Do not cause offence  to be hurt, angry or upset
-Do not deprive others of the good of life
 JUSTICE

• Dalam pelayanan kesehatan, Justice tidak membeda-

bedakan dan bersikap adil dalam pekerjaan
• Tidak diskriminasi
• Formulation of justice:
-To each person equal share
-To each person according to individual need
-To each person according to individual effort
-To each person according to societal contribution
-To each person according to merrit