1. A 6-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room at 11 PM with swelling of the face, stomach, genitals and extremities for 1 week. He had fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
2. Physical examination found edema, abdominal pain and pitting edema on the lower extremities. Laboratory tests showed low albumin and urine dipstick was positive for protein.
3. The working diagnosis was steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome with suspected spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and pleural effusion. Treatment included IV fluids, antibiotics and albumin replacement. The patient was consulted to pediatric nephrology and admitted.
1. A 6-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room at 11 PM with swelling of the face, stomach, genitals and extremities for 1 week. He had fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
2. Physical examination found edema, abdominal pain and pitting edema on the lower extremities. Laboratory tests showed low albumin and urine dipstick was positive for protein.
3. The working diagnosis was steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome with suspected spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and pleural effusion. Treatment included IV fluids, antibiotics and albumin replacement. The patient was consulted to pediatric nephrology and admitted.
1. A 6-year-old male patient was admitted to the emergency room at 11 PM with swelling of the face, stomach, genitals and extremities for 1 week. He had fever, abdominal pain and diarrhea.
2. Physical examination found edema, abdominal pain and pitting edema on the lower extremities. Laboratory tests showed low albumin and urine dipstick was positive for protein.
3. The working diagnosis was steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome with suspected spontaneous bacterial peritonitis and pleural effusion. Treatment included IV fluids, antibiotics and albumin replacement. The patient was consulted to pediatric nephrology and admitted.
No Name Gender/Age Working Diagnosis 1. F M T Male, 6 year 4 month Suspect spontenous bacterial peritonitis + Nephrotic syndrome + Gastroenteritis with no dehydration 1 New Patient of emergency room admitted at 23.00, F M T, male, 6 year 4 month, address, Pardinggaran kec Bonatua Lunas BW : 24 kg BH : 111 cm, W/A : 114% IBW : 19 kg H/A: 95% W/H: 126% Arm circumference(AC) : 19.5 cm (P5-50th) (well nourished)
Chief complaint : Swelling
History of present illness : - It appeared since 1 week ago. Swelling was seen on the eyelids at first, then spread to face, stomach, genital and extremities. - Fever was found during these 2 days. The highest temperature was at 39 C. Fever declined with anti pyretic. - Abdominal pain was found these 2 days and was felt on the whole area. - Shortness of breath was not found. History of shortness of breath was found 1 days before. Symptom was alleviated on lying right side. - Urination was found normal. History of red color urination, pain in urination, difficulty in passing urine were denied. • History of throat sore was denied • Diarrhea was found today, frequency 6 times, volume about ½ glass of water. Watery stool. Blood (-), Mucus(-) • History of vomit was found 1 day ago. Frequency was about 5 times per day. Volume was about ½ glass of water per vomit. Today, vomitting has ceased. History of previous illness : • Patient was referred by pediatrician from RSUD Balige, was hospitalized for 2 days with the diagnose was Pleural effuion and nephrotic syndrome. The patient had been diagnosed nephrotic syndrome since October 2017 and had taken full dose of prednison for 2 months then tappering. Proteinuria seems to be reccurent when the dose was being tappering. History of previous medication: • Inj Cefotaxime 1 gr/ 12 h, Inj Ampicillin 1 gr/ 6 h, Inj Furosemide 20 mg/ 12 h, Prednisone 2 x 1 tab Physical Examination General status : Alertness : Compos Mentis Temperature :38°C dyspnoe (-), cyanosis (-), edema (+), icteric (-), anemis (-) BW : 24 kg BH : 111 cm, W/A : 114% H/A: 95% W/H: 126% AC : 19.5 cm (well nourished) BWI : kg RDA: kkal Localized status: Head : Eye : Light reflexes (+/+), equal pupil Ø 2mm/2mm, pale inferior palpebral conjunctiva (-/-), edema palpebra superior (+/+) Ear/nose/mouth : within normal limit / within normal limit/ within normal limit Neck : Enlargement of lymph node (-) Thorax : simetrical fusiformis, Retraction (-) Heart rate : 110 beats/minute, regular, murmur (-) (N: 60-120 beats / minute) Respiratory rate : 28 times/minute, regular, vesicular (+) weaken on left lung middle to lower field, no rales, stridor, and wheezing, O2 saturation 99% (N: 16-20 times / minute) Abdomen : smiley umbilical (+), supple in palpation. Pain on palpation (+) through whole abdomen. Rebound tenderness (-), Peristaltic sound (+) normal. Liver and spleen were difficult to examined. Extremities : Pulse 110 times/minute, regular, warm extremities, capillary refill time (CRT) < 2 second, pitting edema on inferior extremities (+/+) Blood pressure: 100/60 mmHg (P50-90: 92-108/55-71 mmHg) Anogenital : Scrotal edema (+/+) Laboratory Result from RSUD BALIGE 29/03/2018 • Hemoglobin : 12.7 g/dL • Hematocrit : 36 % • Leukocytes : 12.000 /mm3 • Platelets : 429.000/mm3 • BG : 114 mg/dl Laboratory Result from 30th March RSUP HAM • Hb : 11.8 • BG : 62mg/dl • Ht : 4.64 • Alb : 0.8 g/dl • Leu : 18.250 • BUN/Ur/Cr :18/39/0.29 • Trom : 415.000 • GFR : 210 (N : 79.7 – 107.7) • N : 87.5 • Na/K/Cl/Ca : 123/3.5/98/6.1 • L : 8.3 • Procalsitonin : soon updated • M : 3.8 • E : 0.2 • B : 0.2 Chest X-ray on 29th March RSUD BALIGE Chest X-ray on 30th March RSUP HAM Differiantial Diagnosis Susp. Spontaneous Bacterial peritonitis + Pleural effusion (R) + Due to DD Steroid resistant - nephrotic syndrome Relapsing – nephrotic syndrome Working diagnosis : Pleural effusion (R) + Steroid resistant - nephrotic syndrome Therapy : • IVFD D5% NaCl 0.45% 10 gtt/minute macro • Inj Ceftriaxone 1 gr/ 12 h • Urine dipstick ( Urine had not been obtained in ER ) • Laboratory : Complete blood count, Electrolyte, Random blood glucose, Renal function, Albumin • Chest Xray, Abdomen Xray (3positions) Planning : • Albumin substitution • Fluid Balance / 6 h • Consult to Pediatric Nephrology Time Sens BP HR RR Sat.O2 Temp Additional oriu (bpm) (tpm) (%) m 23.00 Alert 100/60 110 26 99 36.9 Give disposable urine container for dipstic
24.00 Alert 100/60 102 22 99 37.0 Critical value of Albumin
Prescribe Albumin 25% 130 cc 01.00 Alert 100/60 106 24 99 37.0 Patient was sent to ward •Thank You