LTE Numerical Relationships

with
RSRP – RSSI – RSRQ
Agenda

What is RSRP?

What is RSRQ?

What is RSSI?

How are they related?

 RSRP Received Signal Reported Power
RSRQ Received Signal Reported Quality

• Historically we have always wanted to know the signal

strength and the signal quality

signal strength signal quality

1X EVDO = Ec Ec/Io
UMTS = CHICP (RSCP) Ec/No
LTE = RSRP RSRQ

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 RSRP Received Signal Reported Power
• RSRP :
> Used for initial eNodeB selection
> Used for hand-offs to another eNodeB

UE Receiver 0 UE Receiver 1
Reference Signals from 10 Reference Signals from 4
Resource Elements in Resource Elements in
RSRQ (dBm) these 2 shown Resource these 2 shown Resource
Blocks to get average Blocks to get average
Power of RSRP and RSQP Power of RSRP and RSQP
RSRP (dBm) signals
signals

There are up to12 Resource Elements (REs) per Resource Block

(RBs), only 2 REs are used for the UE reports per UE RB.

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 RSRP Received Signal Reported Power

• RSRP – is the calculated average power from those 2

Resource Blocks (both receiver antennas are independent
of each other, so only one is discussed on next side)

Let’s use a PCS example of 10MHz bandwidth – if 100% of

the Resource Elements were used, we would have 600 sub-
carriers with 50 Resource Blocks (12*50 = 600)

It we had a full 20 MHz bandwidth we would have 1200

subcarriers with 100 Resource Blocks (12*100 = 1200)

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 RSRP Received Signal Reported Power

• RSRP – is the calculated average power from those 2

Resource Blocks (both receiver antennas are
independent of each other, so only one is discussed)

Reference Signals from

10 of the Resource With our 10 Resource
RSRQ (dBm) Elements in these 2 Elements our UE bandwidth is
Resource Blocks to get (10*50 = 500 subcarriers)
RSRP (dBm) average Power of signal

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RSRP Received Signal Reported Power
Suppose we are using MIMO Matrix A and Matrix B mode with
each antenna power input from the eNodeB is 10 RF watts
(10,000 mw or 40 dBm); we will just consider Matrix A for the RF
signal. The process is the same for all antennas. Assuming:
• 10,000/500 subcarriers = 20 mw per subcarrier = 13 dBm
• The antenna gain is 18 dBi = 15.85 dB ERP
• With a 1.85 dB loss in the coax
• With a path loss of 105 dB from eNodeB to the UE
• The UE has unity gain and 8 dB internal loss

So the UE will see and report RSRP to be approximately:

13 - 1.85 +15.85 -105 - 8 = - 86 dBm per sub-carrier

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 RSRQ Received Signal Reported Quality

Remember that RSSI is signal plus noise

By dimensional analysis 10 REs = 1 RB
N = Only 1 Resource Block is used for RSRP and 1 for RSRQ

RSRQ = N*RSRP = 1 (RB/10 REs)mw* 13 mw = 13 mw = 1 mw

RSSI RSSI=(signal+noise) mw 13*10 10

Such that: RSRQ = 0.1 mw = 10*log(0.1) = -10 dBm

Simplified; RSRQ = 1 mw = 10*log(1/# of REs) dBm

# of REs in 1 RB

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RSRQ Received Signal Reported Quality
Now, if you will, go back to slide 4, using the same information as the
first UE antenna 0, except for the number of REs, determine the ideal
RSRQ of the UE antenna 1.

If it takes more than 1 minute you may have missed a key point to this
presentation.

Two final points to remember:

• First, in heavy loading the typical LTE user will only average
approximately 30% to 40% of the maximum bandwidth of the system
over time; meaning over time the average of the Resource Blocks will
only be 30% to 40% of the total number of system Resource Blocks.
• Second, the reports back from the UE may not be the ideal situation
as we have discussed in this presentation. Expect less than ideal.

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Thank You !