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Social Welfare, Social Services, and

Social Work
Chapter I
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SOCIAL WELFARE

 Everything that men do for the good of the

society.
 An organized concern of all people for all
people (Wilson).
 The organized system of social services
and institutions designed to aid individuals
and groups to attain satisfying standards
of life and health (Friedlander).
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 Includes laws, programs, benefits and

services which assure or strengthen
provisions for meeting social needs
recognized as basic to the well-being of the
population and the better functioning of the
social order (Wickenden).
a nation’s system of programs, benefits and
services that helps people meet those social,
economic, educational, and health needs
that are fundamental to the maintenance of
society (Ashman, 2007; Zastrow, 2010).
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Organized social arrangement which

have as their direct and primary
objective the well-being of people in a
social context. It includes programs and
services affecting various aspects of
people’s lives such as income, health,
housing, education, cultural traditions,
etc (Int’l. Conf. on SWe).
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Ways through which the society
responds to needs and problems:

1. Individual and group efforts;

2. Major societal institutions which have
their designated roles and
responsibilities for meeting human
needs. Ex: family, church, gov’t.,
cooperative, labor unions, etc.)
3. Social Agency
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Two (2) Views or Conception of
Social Welfare

1. Residual
- temporary, offered only during
emergency situations and
withdrawn once the social system
is working properly again.
2. Institutional
- “regular” proper, legitimate function of
modern society
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Views or Conception of
Social Welfare

3. Developmental – designed to promote

the well-being of the population as a
whole in conjunction with a dynamic
process of economic development
(Midgley as cited in Zastrow, 2010).
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1987 Phil. Constitution declares:

The State shall promote a just and

dynamic social order that will ensure the
prosperity and independence of the
nation and free the people from poverty
through policies that provide adequate
social services, promote full
employment, a rising standard of living,
and an improved quality of life for all.
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Categories of Social Welfare

1. Social Security – refers to the whole set

of compulsory measures instituted to
protect the individual and his family against
the consequences of unavoidable
interruption or serious diminution of the
earned income disposable for the
maintenance of a reasonable standard of
living.
Ex: employer liability, provident
funds, and social
insurance.
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Categories of Social Welfare
2. Personal and Social Services
- refers to service function which have
major bearing upon personal problems,
individual situations of stress, helping people
in need, the provision of direct services in
collaboration with workers from
government and voluntary agencies.
Ex: counseling, therapy and
rehabilitation, child protective
services, and programs for treatment
of deviants.
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Categories of Social Welfare
3. Public Assistance
- refers to material/concrete aids/ supports
provided, usually by government agencies,
to people who have no income or means of
support for themselves and their families
for reasons such as loss of employment,
natural disasters, etc.
Ex: financial, burial, medical assistance,
relief and rehabilitation services, etc.
SOCIAL SERVICES

- Refers to the programs, services and other

activities provided under various auspices,
to concretely answer the needs and
problems of the members of society.
- Specific concrete provisions/forms of
help/assistance given to people based on
their needs (covers all aspects of living –
physical, mental, social, etc.
“At all times, everywhere, there
will always be people who have
needs and problems BEYOND
their own capacities for
solution”.
 Reasons/Goals for Social Services

1. Humanitarian and Social Justice Goal

- People have potential to realize themselves
except forces hinder them; it is only just and
right for a man to help man; target clients are
abandoned, neglected, disadvantaged, marginalized
clients.
 Reasons/Goals for Social Services

2. Social Control Goal

- Deprived and needy individuals and groups
may strike out individually or collectively
against what they consider as alienating or
offending society.
Reasons/Goals for Social Services

3. Economic Development Goal

- Programs to support increases in the

production of goods and services, and
other resources that would contribute
to economic development.
Reasons/Goals for Social Services
 Services which directly contribute to increased
productivity: counseling, rehabilitation of handicapped
workers, skills training for unemployed/underemployed,
services for farmers, labor welfare services, etc.

 Services which prevent or relieve the burden of

dependence on adult workers of such dependents at the
very young as well as the very old, the sick, the disabled,
etc. : day care centers, home for the aged, health clinics
Reasons/Goals for Social Services
 Services which prevent or counteract the disruptive
effects of urbanization and industrialization on family and
community life such as family life services, leadership
training programs, and community services that which
enhance or develop self-reliance and therefore promote
people’s own capacities for problem-solving.
Social Work
Social work is a practice-based profession
and an academic discipline that promotes social
change and development, social cohesion, and
the empowerment and liberation of people.
Principles of social justice, human rights,
collective responsibility and respect for diversities
are central to social work. Underpinned by
theories of social work, social sciences,
humanities and indigenous knowledge, social
work engages people and structures to address
life challenges and enhance wellbeing. (IFSW)
Social Work
- concerned with man’s adjustment to his
environment; a person (or groups) in relation to a
person’s social situation.

Social functioning
- the performance of one’s various roles in society.
 Reasons for ineffective social
functioning
1. Personal inadequacies
2. Situational inadequacies
3. Both personal and social inadequacies
 QUIZ #1
1. Specific concrete provisions/forms of
help/assistance given to people based on
their needs (covers all aspects of living –
physical, mental, social, etc.
2. This goal believes that people have
potential to realize themselves except
forces hinder them.
3. This view/conception sees social welfare as
“regular” proper, legitimate function of
modern society
4. In your understanding, what is social
functioning?

5. Give an example of an ineffective social

functioning due to both personal and social
inadequacies.

6. Give one (1) example of service under

economic development goal.
7-8. Can personal and social services be
availed simultaneously with public
assistance? Why and why not?

9. Employer liability, provident funds, and

social insurance are example of what
category of social welfare?

10. What is your understanding of social

welfare?