PHYSICS BEHIND NATURAL

DISASTERS

BY SOUMYARUP ADHIKARY
M.SC (SECOND SEMESTER)
REGISTRATION NO:-KNU18002024
FROM B.B.COLLEGE , ASANSOL
 CONTENT
 INTRODUCTION
 NATURAL DISASTER HAZARDS
 PHYSICS BEHIND SOME HAZARDS

1. EARTHQUAKE
2. TSUNAMI
3. CYCLONE
 CONCLUSION
 INTRODUCTION
A natural disaster is a major adverse event
resulting from natural process of the earth
and other geologic processes.
Here we are eager to find the physics
behind some natural hazards.
There are several kinds of natural disasters;
geological disasters, hydrological disasters,
meteorological disasters, wildfires.
Here we discuss some major natural
hazards.
 EARTHQUAKE
 Seismology :- It’s science dealing with all
aspects of earthquake and links physics
with other geosciences ( geology,
geography )
 Myths about earthquake :- when one of
the eight elephants that carry the earth
gets tired (HINDU).
When the frog that carries the world gets
tired(MONGOLIA)
 Constitution of the Earth
 Three major chemical
radial division:-
Crust,Mantle,Core.
 Mechanical Layers:-
Lithosphere,Asthenos
phere,Mesosphere
 How earthquakes occur?
• Earthquakes occur at FAULTS.
•Fault is a weak zone separating
two geological blocks.
• Tectonic forces
cause the blocks
to move relative
one to another.
 Elastic waves – Body waves

P-waves:

S-waves:
 TSUNAMI
 Japanese word means “ harbor
wave”.
 Tsunamis are caused by energy
originating underwater.
 Not a tidal activity though it’s called
larger version of tidal waves.
Where from the energy comes ?
 For normal waves the wind gives energy .
 For the harbor waves the energy comes
from the underwater volcanic eruption,
submarine landslide and most commonly
earthquake on the ocean's surface.
 How a tsunami works
 This energy displacing water from the
sea level.
 Gravity pulls the water down .
 Velocity of the waves approximate 500
miles per hour.
 A massive amount of energy travels
underwater
 CYCLONE
 This are the most violent storm on earth.
 Scientific term “Tropical Cyclone” ,but
people call these storms by various names
depending upon where they are formed .
FORMATION
 Storms that form north of the equator spin
counterclockwise. Storms south of the equator spin
clockwise. This difference is because of Earth's rotation on
its axis.
 When the winds in the rotating storm reach 39 mph, the
storm is called a "tropical storm." And when the wind
speeds reach 74 mph, the storm is officially a "tropical
cyclone," or hurricane.
 CONCLUSION
 We can see that every physical
phenomena can be explained through
physics .we can now differ whether it’s a
earthquake or a nuclear test under the
ground by the use of seismology.
 We also put a clear view on the other
natural hazards like landside , wildfires by
the means of physics .
 BIBLIOGRAPHY
 GOOGLE
 WIKIPEDIA
 SPACEPLACE.NASA.GOV
THANK YOU