Economic

institutions
What is Economic Institutions?

Network of commercial organizations (such as

manufacturers, producers, wholesalers, retailers,
and buyers) who generate, distribute, and
purchase goods and services.

a company or an organization
that deals with money or with
managing the distribution of
money, goods, and services in
an economy.
Samples of Economic Institutions

Manufacturers Producers

Wholesaler Retailer
Concept of economic Institutions
Horticulture

And

Agriculture
Horticulture
 The word horticulture comes from
two Latin words which mean
“garden” and “culture.”

Horticulture has been defined as the culture

of plants, mainly for food, materials, comfort
and beauty.[1] According to American
horticulturist Liberty Hyde Bailey,
"Horticulture is the growing of flowers, fruits
and vegetables, and of plants for ornament
and fancy."
Branches of horticulture
1.Floriculture – This area of horticulture
focuses on the cultivation of flowers (cut
and potted) and foliage. Flower
arrangement also fall under this header.
2.Pomology – If you love to eat delicious fruit,
then pomology may interest you. This branch of
horticulture revolves around production and
cultivation of fruit crops.
3.Nursery/Plant Propagation – The development
and dissemination of plant seeds, shrubs, trees,
ornamental plants, and ground covering is the
focus of this area of horticulture. Typically these
plants are used in landscaping or interior
plantscaping projects.
4.Olericulture – Vegetable lovers will enjoy a career
in this field. Olericulturists handle the farming,
processing, storage, and marketing of all edible parts
of vegetables including the roots, leaves, flowers,
stems, seeds, and young tops. Typically vegetables
are eaten raw, cooked, or preserved.
5. Landscape Horticulture – Ever wonder who develops
those beautiful parks and indoor garden environments?
Landscape horticulturists design, construct, and take
care of landscapes in homes, businesses, and public
areas. They choose plants for their aesthetic appeal and
practicality and arrange them in ways that are pleasing
and conform to the needs of their clients.
Agriculture
Agriculture is the art and science of
growing plants and other crops and raising
animals for food, other human needs, or
economic gain.
Types of agriculture
1. Pastoralism is the branch of agriculture
concerned with the raising of livestock. It is
animal husbandry: the care, tending and
use of animals such as cattle, camels, goats,
yaks, llamas, reindeer, horses and sheep.[1]
Swidden agriculture, also known as shifting
cultivation, refers to a technique of rotational
farming in which land is cleared for
cultivation (normally by fire) and then left to
regenerate after a few years.
Subsistence agriculture occurs when farmers
grow food crops to feed themselves and their
families. In subsistence agriculture, farm
output is targeted to survival and is mostly for
local requirements with little or no surplus
trade.
Intensive agriculture, in agricultural economics, system
of cultivation using large amounts of labour and capital
relative to land area. Large amounts of labour and capital
are necessary to the application of fertilizer, insecticides,
fungicides, and herbicides to growing crops, and capital
is particularly important to the acquisition and
maintenance of high-efficiency machinery for planting,
cultivating, and harvesting, as well as irrigation
equipment where that is required.
Horticulture Vs Agriculture

1. Horticulture strictly involves plant cultivation only

while agriculture deals with cultivation of crops as
well as animal farming.
2. Horticulture may include plants that are not for
human consumption while agriculture mainly focuses
on crops for human consumption.

3. Horticulture is done on smaller, enclosed plots

while agriculture is done on extensive pieces of land
on large scale.
Give 2 examples of
economic institution
Who makes up the
economy?
Network of commercial
organizations who generate,
distribute, and purchase goods
and services.
-The word horticulture comes
from two Latin words which
mean ___________ and
_________.
Horticulture is the
growing of _________
(give one example)
For 3 points. What are the
differences of agriculture ang
horticulture?