ON FACE RECOGNITION

AUTOMATIC
ATTENDANCE SYSTEM
 INTRODUCTION
 Maintaining attendance is very important in all learning institutes for checking the
performance of students. In most learning institutions, student attendances are manually
taken by the use of attendance sheets issued by the department heads as part of
regulation. The students sign in these sheets which are then filled or manually logged in
to a computer for future analysis. This method is tedious, time consuming and inaccurate
as some students often sign for their absent colleagues. This method also makes it
difficult to track the attendance of individual students in a large classroom environment .
In this project, we propose the design and use of a face detection and recognition system
to automatically detect students attending a lecture in a classroom and mark their
attendance by recognizing their faces. While other biometric methods of identification
(such as iris scans or fingerprints) can be more accurate, students usually have to queue
for long at the time they enter the classroom . Face recognition is chosen owing to its
non-intrusive nature and familiarity as people primarily recognize other people based on
their facial features . This (facial) biometric system will consist of an enrollment process
in which the unique features of a persons’ face will be stored in a database and then the
processes of identification and verification. In these, the detected face in an image
(obtained from the camera) will be compared with the previously stored faces captured
at the time of enrollment.
 HOW IT WORKS
ALL methods are design to detect and recognized faces in given image with limited
conditions.
 We name the database folder as “Students”.
 Then the images will detect are stored in “Test”.
 Then we will match the method of ‘Test’ folder with images already stored in ‘Student
'folder.
 This matching is based on Algorithms And commands used in programming’
 First the images were stored in the database.
 This project present a face detection technique mainly based on the color
segmentation, Image segmentation, and template matching methods.
 SYSTEM REQUIREMENTS

 SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS
 MATLAB version8.50 or higher
 Windows XP or high marked present only if he/she recognize in both systems.

 HARDWARE REQUIREMENTS
 A standalone computer needs to be installed in the office room where the system is
to be deployed.
 1. Camera must be positioned in the office room to obtain the snap shots.
 2. Optimum resolution : 512 by 512 pixels.
 3. Secondary memory to store all the images and data base.

 FACE DETECTION
 A face Detector has to tell whether an image of arbitrary size contains a human face and
if so, where it is. Face detection can be performed based on several cues: skin color (for
faces in color images and videos, motion (for faces in videos), facial/head shape, facial
appearance or a combination of these parameters. Most face detection algorithms are
appearance based without using other cues. An input image is scanned at all possible
locations and scales by a sub window. Face detection is posed as classifying the pattern
in the sub window either as a face or a nonface. The face/non face classifier is learned
from face and non-face training examples using statistical learning methods. Most
modern algorithms are based on the Viola Jones object detection framework, which is
based on Haar Cascades.
FACE RECOGNITION
 Face Recognition is a visual pattern recognition problem, where the face, represented as
a three dimensional object that is subject to varying illumination, pose and other factors,
needs to be identified based on acquired images. Face Recognition is therefore simply
the task of identifying an already detected face as a known or unknown face and in more
advanced cases telling exactly whose face it is.
WHY FACE RECOGNITION IN LIEU OF
OTHER BIOMETRIC METHODS?
 While traditional biometric methods of identification such as fingerprints, Iris scans and
voice recognition are viable, they are not always the best suited depending on where they
will be used. In applications such as Surveillance and monitoring of public places for
instance, such methods would end up failing because they are time consuming and
inefficient especially in situations where there are many people involved. The cost of
implementation is also a hindrance as some components often have to be imported. This
would lead to the setup of the system being expensive. In general, we cannot ask
everyone to line up and put their finger on a slide or an eye in front of a camera or do
something similar. Thus the intuitive need for an affordable and mobile system much
similar to the human eye to identify a person.
APPLICATIONS
 Areas Applications Information security Access security(OS, data bases)
 Data privacy(e.g. medical records)
 User authentication(trading, online banking)
 Access Management Secure access authentication(restricted facilities)
 Permission based systems
 Access log or audit trails Biometrics Person identification(national IDs, Passports, voter
registrations, driver licenses)
 Automated identify verification(border controls)
CONCLUSION
 It can be concluded that a reliable, secure, fast and an efficient class attendance
management system has been developed replacing a manual and unreliable system. This
face detection and recognition system will save time reduce the amount of work done by
the administration and replace the stationery material currently in use with already
existent electronic equipment.
 There is no need for specialized hardware for installing the system as it only uses a
computer and a camera. The camera plays a crucial role in the working of the system
hence the image quality and performance of the camera in real time scenario must be
tested especially if the system is operated from a live camera feed. The system can also
be used in permission based systems and secure access authentication (restricted
facilities) for access management,
 The major threat to the system is Spoofing. For future enhancements, anti- spoofing
techniques like eye blink detection could be utilized to differentiate live from static
images in the case where face detection is made from captured images from the
classroom. From the overall efficiency of the system i.e. 83.1% human intervention
could be called upon to make the system foolproof. A module could thus be included
which lists all the unidentified faces and the lecturer are able to manually correct them.
 Future work could also include adding several well-structured attendance registers for
each class and the capability to generate monthly attendance reports and automatically
email them to the appropriate staff for review
THANKYOU