Misconceptions

about Globalization
 What is globalization?

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 To define globalization,
he identified several
analytical cul-de-sacs
with respect to
globalization, that is,
Dr. Jan Aart Scholte,
Defining Globalization definitions that
generate redundant
and, in some respects,
also unhelpful
knowledge.
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Redundant Concepts of
Globalization
 Globalization as
Internationalization

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 Globalization as
Internationalization
Refers to a growth of transactions and interdependence
between countries.

A more global world is one where more messages, ideas,

merchandise, money, investments, pollutants and people
cross borders between national-state-territorial units.

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 Globalization is an especially intense
form of internationalization, so that the

“
global is a particular subset of the
international.
- Paul Hirst &
Grahame Thompson

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 Globalization as
Internationalization
Most attempts to quantify
globalization have conceived of the
process as internationalization.

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 Indicators for
Internationalization
Foreign Direct Membership in Traffic
Investment International
Organizations

International Travel International Telephone

Traffic

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 Globalization as
Internationalization
Claims of familiarity and
historical repetition constitute
strong grounds for rejecting the
definition of globalization as
internationalization
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 Globalization as
Internationalization
No one needed a concept of
globalization to make sense of earlier
experiences of greater international
interaction and interdependence, and
this notion is similarly redundant
today.
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 Globalization as
Internationalization

Ideas of globalization-as-
internationalization can also
be politically objectionable.

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 Globalization
as
Liberalization

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 Liberalization is the removal
of barriers and restrictions

“
imposed by national
governments so as to create
an open and borderless world
economy

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 Globalization as
Liberalization

Study of globalization is a
debate about contemporary
so-called “neoliberal‟
macroeconomic policies.

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 Globalization as
Liberalization
Neoliberals Anti - Globalization
It is a policy model — Is a movement critical
bridging politics, social re-
search and economics — of economic
aimed at transferring control globalization.
of financial variables from the
government industry to the
private industry.. Against laissez faire
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 Globalization as
Liberalization
Globalization and liberalization
become the same thing. Moreover,
such an equation can carry the
dubious – and potentially harmful –
political implication

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 Neoliberalism is the only

“
available policy framework
for a more global world.

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 The language of globalization

“
is unnecessary to rehearse
arguments for and against
laissez-faire economics.

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 Globalization as
Universalization

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 Globalization as
Universalization

A process of dispersing
various objects and
experiences to people at all
inhabited parts of the earth

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 Globalization as
Universalization

Global as
Universalization entail
Homogenization
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 Globalization can when
handled in certain ways

“ promote cultural
diversity, revival and
innovation.

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 Globalization as
Westernization

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 Globalization as
Westernization
One in which social structures of modernity
(capitalism, industrialism, rationalism,
urbanism, etc.) are spread across all of
humanity, in the process destroying pre-
existent cultures and local self-
determination.

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 WESTOXIFICATION

“ -Ale Ahmad

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 Globalization as
Westernization

Globalization has often

inserted patterns of modern,
western social relations more
widely and deeply across the
planet..
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 Globalization as
Westernization

Globalization can take

away Westernization.

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