ILOCANO AND TAGALOG
PURPOSIVE COMMUNICATION
ILOCANO PEOPLE
• The Ilocanos (Ilokano: Tattao nga
Iloko/Ilokano), Ilokanos, or Iloko people are the
third largest Filipino Linguistic Group that mostly
reside within the Ilocos Region in the northwestern
seaboard of Luzon, Philippines.
Ilokano
• The word Ilokano originates from Iloko (archaic form, Yloco), the
conjugation of i-(meaning "of") and look (meaning "bay"), which
means "from the bay" in Ilocano. Aside from being referred to as
Ilocano, they are also identified as Samtoy, a portmanteau of the
Ilocano phrase sao mi ditoy meaning "our language here" (sao mi -
"our language"; ditoy - "here").
Ethnic Homeland
• Ilocandia is the term given to the traditional homeland of the Ilocano
people, which constitutes present-day Ilocos Norte and the northern
portions of Ilocos Sur. Due to ethnic migration programs of the
government in the 1970's, many Ilocanos now live outside their traditional
homeland. Known areas with significant Ilocano populations outside the
traditional homelands are the Cordillera Administrative Region, Cagayan
Valley, the southern parts of the Ilocos region, and some parts of Central
Luzon.
Language
• Most Ilocanos speak Ilocano, which is part of the
Northern Philippine subgroup of
the Austronesian family of languages. They also
speak Tagalog, and English as second languages.
Religion
• Most Ilocanos are Roman Catholics, while a
significant number belong to the Aglipayan
Church, which originated in Ilocos Norte.
Pre-Hispanic Beliefs and Traditions
• Prior to the arrival of the Spanish, Ilocanos were animists who believed in
spirits called anito who were either bad or good, male or female. These anito
ruled over all aspects of the universe. For example, Litao were anitos of
water, Kaibáan, also called Kanibáan, were anitos of the undergrowth in a
forest, and Mangmangkik were anitos of trees. The Mangmangkik were often
feared for causing sickness when a fellow tree was cut down. To appease the
Mangmangkik before cutting down a tree, the following chant was made:
Bari Bari.
Dikat agunget pari.
Ta pumukan kami.
Iti pabakirda kadakami.
Tagalog People
• The Tagalog people are the largest ethnolingustic group in the Philippines.
They have a well developed society due to their cultural heartland, Manila,
being the capital city of the Philippines. Most of them inhabit and form a
majority in the Meto Manila and Calabarzon regions of southern Luzon, as
well as a plurality in the provinces of Bulacan, Bataan, Zambales, Nueva
Ecija and Aurora in Central Luzon and in the islands
of Marinduque and Mindoro in MIMAROPA.
Etymology
• The commonly accepted origin for the endonym "Tagalog" is the term tagá-
ilog, which means "people from [along] the river". An alternative theory states
that the name is derived from tagá-alog, which means "people from the ford"
(the prefix tagá- meaning "coming from" or "native of").
• In 1821, American diplomat Edmund Roberts called the Tagalog "Tagalor" in
his memoirs about his trips to the Philippines.
Religion
• The Tagalog people initially had their own unique religion, modernly known
as Tagalismo as the original name of the religion is unknown and was not
documented by the Spanish. Spanish accounts also call the Tagalog religion
as Anitismo (or Anitism in English) and Anitheria, the former is accepted by
Tagalog scholars and present-day Anitist adherents while the later is seen as a
derogatory term. The practices of Tagalismo were usually done within
a dambana. When the Spanish arrived, Roman Catholicism was forcefully
inputted by the colonizers who tried to destroy all other religions they
deemed as 'lesser' than European religions
