PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE PRACTICE 1 MLS 401

PRELIM – LESSON 4

Introduction to the Clinical Laboratory

Clinical Laboratory Secondary
- a component of a health institution. o 20 sq. m. (minimum space required)
o all tests in primary lab
- provides accurate and reliable information to
o routine chemistry
physicians for diagnosis, prognosis, treatment,
o quantitative platelet
and management of diseases.
o cross-matching; gram-staining; KOH
- actively involved in: (hospital-based)
• research
Tertiary
• community outreach programs
o 60 sq. m.
• surveillance
o All tests in secondary lab
• infection control in hospital and
o special Chemistry
community
o Special Hematology
• information dissemination
o Immuno-Serology
• evaluation of current and innovative
o Microbiology
diagnostic technologies
Limited Service Capability
- a facility subdivided into different sections
o Dialysis Centers
where common diagnostic procedures are
o Social Hygiene Clinics
done by specialized health professionals.
- regulated by the Bureau of Health Facilities and Special Clinical Laboratories
Services under DOH which prevents the - provides highly specialized lab services not
operation of substandard laboratories. provided by a general clinical lab
BASED ON OWNERSHIP
National Reference Laboratory (NRL)
Government
- a laboratory in a government hospital which is
o operated and maintained by a
designated to provide special functions and
government unit
services such as:
Private • Confirmatory testing
o owned, operated, and established by • Surveillance
any individual, corporation, association, • Resolution of conflicts
or organization • Training and research
• Evaluation of kits and reagents
BASED ON FUNCTION
• External quality assessment program
Clinical Pathology
(NEQAS)
o Clinical Chemistry, Hematology,
Immunohematology, etc. NRLs in the Philippines
- National Kidney and Transplant Institute
Anatomic Pathology
o Hematology, Immunohematology,
o Surgical Pathology, Immunohistology,
Automated Urinalysis,
Cytology, Autopsy, Forensic Pathology,
Immunopathology
Molecular Pathology
- East Avenue Medical Center
BASED ON INSTITUTIONAL CHARACTER
o Toxicology (Drug Testing)
Institution-based
o a laboratory that operates within the - Lung Center of the Philippines
premises and is a part of an institution. o Clinical Chemistry

Freestanding - Research Institute for Tropical Medicine

o a laboratory that does not form part o Tuberculosis, Mycology, Transfusion-
of any other institution. transmissible infections, Bacterial
Diseases, Antimicrobial Resistance,
BASED ON SERVICE CAPABILITY Influenza, Malaria, Measles and other
Primary exanthems, Rotavirus, Polio
o 10 sq. m. (minimum space required)
o routine hematology - San Lorenzo Hospital/STD-AIDS Cooperative
o routine urinalysis Central Laboratory
o routine fecalysis o HIV/AIDS and other sexually-transmitted
o qualitative platelet infections
o blood typing (hospital-based)

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PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE PRACTICE 1
PRELIM – LESSON 4
Satellite Testing Site
- a testing site that performs lab examinations
under the control of a licensed laboratory but
outside the physical confines of the laboratory.
Mobile Clinical Laboratory
- a laboratory testing unit that moves from one
testing site to another
- Must have a base laboratory
- Must collect specimens only
- Must operate only within a 100-km radius from its
base laboratory
Professional
Organizations
- assemblage of professionals within a particular
specialization or professional field
- provide opportunities for professional growth by
offering workshops, trainings, and seminars and
publishing research journals
- interested individuals must pay membership fees
and monthly or annual dues to avail the
benefits or services
The Philippine Association of Schools of Medical
Technology and Public Health (PASMETH), Inc.
• OBJECTIVES
- To encourage a thorough study of the
needs and problems of medical
technology education and to offer
solutions.
- To work for the enhancement and
continuous development of medical
technology education to ensure that
the profession will be of maximum
service to the country.
- To take a united stand in matters which
affect interests of medical technology
education.
- To seek advice, aid, and assistance
from any government or private entity
for the fulfillment of the Association’s
aims and purposes.
• It was formed in 1970 in the hopes of
maintaining the highest standards of Medical
Technology/Public Health education and to
foster closer relations among these schools.
• CURRENT PRESIDENT
- Dr. Bernard Ebuen
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MLS 401
Philippine Society of Medical Technology Students
(PHISMETS)
• It was organized in 2002 during the term of Dean
Zenaida Cajucom (PASMETH President).
• It aims to establish camaraderie among
students through activities like research,
contests, and pageants.
The Philippine Association of Medical Technologists
(PAMET)
• It is the organization of all registered medical
technologists in the Philippines.
• It was organized by Mr. Crisanto Almario (Father
of PAMET) to standardized and to give dignity
the profession on September 15, 1963, at the
Manila Public Health Laboratory in Sta. Cruz,
Manila.
• It had its first convention and election of officers
on September 20, 1964 at the Far Eastern
University.
• Mr. Charlemagne Tamondong - first President
• June 21, 1969 - RA 5527 also known as the
Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969, was
enacted into law.
• MedTech Week: every 3rd week of September
• June 22, 1973 – PD 223 was approved creating
the Professional Regulation Commission (PRC).
PAMET was officially recognized as the only
Accredited Professional Organization (APO) of
registered Medical Technologists in the
Philippines.
• Rommel Saceda – President (2019-present)
• CORE VALUES
1. Integrity – strict adherence to the moral
code.
2. Professionalism – positive traits and values,
moral responsibility, social responsiveness,
and behavioral outlook which makes one
highly respectable and credible.
3. Commitment – unconditional, unwavering,
selfless dedication.
4. Excellence – high quality performance.
5. Unity
Laws Related to Medical
Technology Practice
Philippine Medical Technology Act of 1969
• Republic Act 5527
• Approved on June 21, 1969
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PRINCIPLES OF MEDICAL LABORATORY SCIENCE PRACTICE 1 MLS 401
PRELIM – LESSON 4

• Effects:
- Defined the practice of medical
technology
- Established the Council of Medical
Technology Education
- Established the Board of Medical
Technology
- Set rules and regulations on the
practice of medical technology
Clinical Laboratory Law
• Republic Act 4688
• Approved on June 18, 1966
• Effect: regulated clinical laboratories in the
Philippines.
Blood Banking Law of 1956
• Republic Act 1517
• Significance: regulated blood banks
National Blood Services Act of 1994
• Republic Act 7719
• Significance:
- Highlights the importance of voluntary
blood donation
- Focuses on the prevention of blood-
transmissible diseases
- Careful conduct of blood-banking
practices
- Repealed Republic Act 1517
• Significance:
- Addresses the problem of drug
addiction in the country
- Dangerous drug test and requirements
Newborn Screening Act of 2004
• Republic Act 9288
• Significance: focused on the implementation of
newborn screening in the country
PRC Modernization Act of 2000
• Republic Act 8981
• Significance:
- Repealed PD 223 (created the PRC)
- Discussed the vital role of the PRC in
regulating local professionals
Organ Donation Act of 1991
• Republic Act 7170
• Significance:
- Authorized the legacy or donation of all
parts or a part of the human body after
death.
- Emphasized the importance of
laboratory tests to ensure the safety and
tissue compatibility of the organs.
Continuing Professional Development Act of 2016
• Republic Act 10912
• CPD Programs are needed to enhance and
upgrade the competencies and qualifications
of professionals for the practice of their
professions.

Philippine Aids Prevention and Control Act of 1998

• Republic Act 8504
• Significance:
- Helps control the alarming rate of
HIV/AIDS infection in the country
- Created the Philippine National AIDS
Council

Philippine HIV and AIDS Policy Act

• Republic Act 11166
• Establish policies and programs to prevent the
spread of HIV and deliver treatment, care, and
support services to Filipinos living with HIV
• Adopt a multi-sectoral approach in responding
to the country’s HIV and AIDS situation
• Ensure access to HIV and AIDS-related services
• Positively address and seek to eradicate
conditions that aggravated the spread of HIV
infection

Comprehensive Dangerous Drugs Act of 2002

• Republic Act 9165

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