Methodology

Measurement and Scaling

Group - 1
Group Members MOST.KHADIJA ISLAM

MD.HABIBUR RAHMAN

AFIA BILKIS

AKIFA AKTER MIM

M. EMTIAZ RAFI

SABBIR HASAN SAKIB

NAZMUN SHAKILA SHIRIN

MD. SARIF HOSSEN

Humayun
NARAYAN CHANDRA ROY
MD. ABU BAKKAR SIDDIQUE

Kabir Saddam
 1 MD.HABIBUR RAHMAN
ID No. 1508001

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 MD. HABIBUR RAHMAN
1508001
� INTRODUCTION
 Measuring so many things in day to day life (Ex: Weight, height, how
much love the song or movie (by rating)., etc.
 Properties like weight, height measured by standard unit of
measurement. (so confident about accuracy of the result of measurement)
 Properties like how much love the music or some movies, intelligence,
self confidence (No standard scale, less confident about accuracy of
result of measurement)
 So We can’t measure everything in same scale.

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 MD. HABIBUR RAHMAN
1508001

Measurement

Measurement can be defined as a process of associating

numbers to observations obtained in a research study.

The variables associated with a study are classified into two

basic categories:

a) Quantitative/ Numeric

b) Qualitative / Categorical

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 ISSUES IN ATTITUDE
MEASUREMENT

▪ When a researcher is interested in measuring the attitudes,

feelings or opinions of respondents he/she should be clear
about the following:

a) What is to be measured?
b) Who is to be measured?
c) The choices available in data collection techniques.

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 � Scaling

Scaling is the assignment of objects to numbers or

semantics according to a rule. In scaling, the objects
are text statements, usually statements of attitude,
opinion, or feeling.

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 REPORT TITLES

1. Uncertainty In Measuring Sustainable Development: An Application For The

Sustainability-Adjusted HDI (2012)

2. Unemployment And Economic Growth In Bangladesh: The Attractive Power Of

Country Specific Charactrestics.

3. A corporate social responsibility in banking industry:A comparative study

between state-owned and private commercial banks in Bangladesh

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 2 AKIFA AKTER MIM
ID No. 1508008

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 AKIFA AKTER MIM

Classification Of 1508008

Measurement
Scales
The most widely used classification of measurement scales are given below :

a. Nominal scale : Nominal scale is simply a system of assigning number symbols to events in order to label them. Nominal
scales provide convenient ways of keeping track of people, object and events . The usual example of this is the assignment
of number of basketball players in order to identify them .

b) Ordinal scale : The lowest level of the ordered scale that is commonly used is the ordinal scale. Ordinal measure have
no absolute values. The ordinal scale places events in order.

c) Interval scale : In the case of interval scale, the intervals are adjusted in terms of some rule that has been established as
a basis for making the units equal. The primary limitation of the interval scale is the lack of a true zero. As such more
powerful statistical measures can be used with interval scales.

d) Ratio scale : Ratio scale have an absolute or true zero of measurement. Ratio scale represent the actual amount of
variables.
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11
 3 SABBIR HASAN SAKIB
ID No. 1508009

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 SABBIR HASAN SAKIB
1508009
Goodness Of
Measurement
Scales
A measurement scale has to have certain desirable
qualities to judge their good ness in measuring the
characteristic under study. These qualities are
described bellow:

 Validity :
i) Content validity
ii) Criterion-related validity
iii) Construct validity
13  Reliability
 Goodness Of
Measurement
Scales

 Practicality:
i) economical,
ii) convenient and
iii) interpretable.

 Accuracy

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 REPORT TITLES

1.The causal Factor of Reverine conflict in Bangladesh : A study on

char area

2. Service Innovation in Bangladesh Police : Changes and Challenges

3. Significant Dynamics of social and Emotional Development of

children in Dhaka city: An analysis of the student ‘ perspective

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 4 MD. SARIF HOSSEN
ID No. 1508016

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 MD. SARIF HOSSEN
1508016
Sources of Error
in Measurement

1.Respondent
2.Situation
3.Measurer
4.Instrument

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 Report Titles

1.Bank Credit, Trade Credit Or No Credit : The Study on Small Business

In Rangpur Division

2.Economic Voting In The Bangladesh: Voter Behavior In Multiparty

Democracy.

3.Public Opinion On The Environment : The Role Of Perceived

Efficiency, Environment Concern And Self Interest In Environmentally
Responsible , Consumer Behavior.

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 5 NARAYAN CHANDRA ROY
ID No. 1508017

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 Techniques of NARAYAN CHANDRA ROY
1508017

Developing
Measurement Tools

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 Three Articles
Selected

 Challenges of Border Management and Its Impact on

National Security: Bangladesh Perspective

 Women Led Enterprises in Bangladesh: What factors Lead

to Business Growth?

 Rohingya Crisis and “Clash of Civilizations”

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 6 MOST.KHADIJA ISLAM
ID No. 1508021

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 MOST.KHADIJA ISLAM

1508021

SCALING

SCALING has been defined as a “procedure for the assignment of numbers to a property of
objects in numbers to property of objects in order impart some of the characteristics of numbers to
the properties in questions”

scale classification bases:

1. Subject orientation
2. Response form
3. Degree of subjectivity
4. Scale properties
5. Number of dimension
6. Scale construction techniques
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 REPORT TITLES

1.Alarming Turn of Dengue Fever in Dhaka City in 2019.

2. development of industrialization in rangpur city.

3. Problems of education system in rural areas.

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 7 AFIA BILKIS
ID No. 1508046

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 AFIA BILKIS
1508046

Scaling
Technique:
scaling technique are broadly classified into two categories:

 Comparative scaling technique

 Non-comparative scaling technique

Comparative scaling technique:

Comparative scales involve direct comparison on stimulus objects. Comparative
scale data are interpreted in relative terms and are measured on ordinal
scale. This technique is a non-numeric scaling technique as ordinal data
cannot be used for numeric operations.
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 Common comparative scaling technique are:

1. Paired comparison
2. Rank order
3. Constant sum

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28
 8 M. EMTIAZ RAFI
ID No. 1508050

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 Non-comparative
Scaling Technique

Most common non-comparative scaling techniques are:

 Continuous rating or graphic rating

 Itemized rating
 Simple/multiple category scale
 Verbal frequency scale

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 M. EMTIAZ RAFI
508050

Continuous rating or graphic rating

The graphic rating scale is quite simple and is commonly used in
practice

 Points are usually put along the line to form a continuum

 The rater indicates his rating by simply making a mark (such as

√)

 Scale-points with brief descriptions may be indicated along the

line

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32
 Topics Name

1.Corporate governance and Its Impact on Financing Reporting: A

study on banking industry of Bangladesh.

2.Customer Satisfaction: A study on Southeast Bank Limited,

Rangpur Branch.

3.Critical Evaluation of SME Financing in Bangladesh: A study on

the Northern Region of Bangladesh.

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 NAZMUN SHAKILA SHIRIN
ID No. 1508050
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 NAZMUN SHAKILA SHIRIN

1508061
Itemized rating
scale:

in an itemized rating scale, the respondents are provided with a scale that has a
number or brief description associated with each category. The categories are ordered
in terms of scale position. And the respondents are required to select the specified
category that best describes the object.

Linkert scale:
The Linkert scale is a widely used rating scale that requires the respondents to
indicate the degree of agreement or disagreement with each of a series of statements
about the stimulus objects.

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 Typically each scale item has five response categories

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 REPORT TITLES
1.Population Challenges for Bangladesh in the Coming Decades

2. Constraints to livelihood diversification of rural farmers in rangpur dristricts.

3. Women participation in business sector in some areas of bogura town

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 MD. ABU BAKKAR SIDDIQUE
ID No. 1408031
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 Multiple Category Scales

 A multiple category scale is designed to measure the respondent’s

attitude towards more than one attribute related to the stimulus object.

It is a rating scale comprising of multiple items, where each item is a

single question or a statement that needs to be evaluated.

Example
‘Yes’ and ‘No’ , True and False . The respondent has to choose only one
out of the given categories.

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Verbal Frequency Scale

 Verbal frequency scale Used for several items not just one or two.

 Compose items that assume the opportunity to perform the action.

 Should be used only when approximate percentages are required .

 Most appropriate when respondents are unable or unwilling to compute exact

percentages.

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 REPORT TITLES
1.Tax fraud, Tax evasion and its impact on the economic condition of the Bangladesh:
Case Study in Rangpur district.

2. The Effects of the Economic Crisis on Banking and Finance and its impact on
profitability of Bangladesh: A comparative study between public and private
commercial banks in Bangladesh.

3.Entrepreneurship Versus Micro-Franchising : A Baseline of small business owners in

Rangpur Division.

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 THANK
THANK
YOU
YOU
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