Definition of Terms

•LIGHT: MIRRORS
and LENSES
CONCAVE MIRROR/CONVERGING

•A curved mirror in which

the reflective surface
bulges away from the
light source.It is called
converging mirror
 CONVEX MIRROR/DIVERGING

•A curved mirror in
which the reflective
surface bulges
towards the light
source
 PLANE MIRROR

•A polished or
smooth surface (as
of glass) that forms
images by reflection
 CONCAVE LENSES/DIVERGING

•A kind of lens that is

thicker at the edges
and thinner in the
center.It is called a
diverging lens
 CONVEX LENS/CONVERGING

•A kind of lens that is

thicker in the center
than the edges.It is
called converging lens
 REFLECTION of LIGHT

•The bouncing of
light rays when
it hits a surface
 REFRACTION of LIGHT

•The bending of light

rays when passing
obliquely from one
medium into another
 INCIDENT RAY
•The ray of light
approaching the mirror
represented by an
arrow approaching an
optical elements like
mirror
 INCIDENT RAY
•The ray of light
approaching the mirror
represented by an
arrow approaching an
optical elements like
mirror
 Reflected Ray

•The ray of light which

leaves the mirror and
is represented by an
arrow pointing away
from the mirror
 Normal line
• An imaginary line that can
be drawn perpendicular to
the surface of the mirror at
the point of incidence
where the ray strikes the
mirror
 VIRTUAL IMAGE
An optical image form from
the apparent divergence of
light rays from a point(erect)
 REAL IMAGE
Occurs where rays converge
that can be produced by
concave mirror (inverted)
 ANGLE of INCIDENCE
The normal line divides the
angle between the incident
ray and the reflected ray
into two equal angles
 ANGLE of REFLECTION
The angle between the
reflected ray and the normal
is known as the angle of
reflection.
 ANGLE of REFRACTION
• the angle between a refracted ray
and the normal drawn at the point of
incidence to the interface at which
refraction occurs.
 MIRROR-LEFT RIGHT REVERSAL
The mirror does not reverse images
from left to right, it reverses them
from front to back relative to the front
of the mirror.You and your mirror
image are pointing in the same
direction. Point to the front. Your
mirror image is pointing in the
opposite direction to you.
 MULTIPLE IMAGES
When two mirrors are kept at an angle
and an object placed in between the
mirrors, multiple images are formed
due to reflection from one mirror on
to the other. The number of images of
the object formed depends on the
angle between the
two mirrors
 TYPES of REFLECTION
SPECULAR/REGULAR –
reflection of light on smooth
surface
DIFFUSED/IRREGULAR-
reflection of light on rough
surfaces
IMAGES formed by CONCAVE MIRROR
Center of Curvature(C)-the
center of the sphere of
which the mirror is part
Vertex(V)-center of mirror
Focal Point/Focus(F)-point
bet. C and V
IMAGES formed by CONVEX MIRROR
Center of Curvature(C)-the
center of the sphere of
which the mirror is part
Vertex(V)-center of mirror
Focal Point/Focus(F)-point
bet. C and V
 RAY DIAGRAM

A diagram that traces the path that

light takes in order for a person to
view a point on the image of an
object. On the diagram, rays (lines
with arrows) are drawn for the
incident ray and the reflected ray.
CONCAVE MIRROR
 L------O-------S-------T
Location of LOCATION ORIENTATION( SIZE TYPE
Objects
upright or (reduced or
inverted Enlarged) (real or virtual)
CONCAVE

Beyond C

At C

Bet C & F

At F

Bet C& V
CONVEX MIRROR
 L------O-------S-------T
Location of LOCATION of ORIENTATION SIZE of the TYPE
Objects the image of the image Image

(upright or (reduced or (real or virtual)

CONVEX inverted) Enlarged)

Bet F & V

At F’

At 2F

Farther than C

Bet F &V