Lesson 15:

The Normal
Distribution
In the study of statistics, the normal
distribution plays a central role. It is the
most significant continuous probability
distribution. It is sometimes called as the
Gaussian Distribution or the normal curve.

The standard normal distribution

represented by a normal curve has a bellm
shaped figure. It has a population mean of
0 and a standard deviation of 1 and the
Kurtosis = 3
The Normal Distribution
• The properties of a normal distribution are:
• The normal distribution curve is a bell-
shaped.
• The mean, median and mode are equal and
located at the center of the distribution.
• A normal distribution curve is unimodal.
• The curve is symmetrical about the mean.
• The total area under the curve is equal to 1.
• The distribution curve is asymptotic to x
axis.
Areas under the Normal Curve

0.5 0.5

x
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
The Standard Normal Distribution

• It is the normal distribution that has a

mean of 0 and standard deviation 1. It is
denoted by N(0, 1)

• The random variable itself is called

standard normal variable and is
commonly denoted by Z.
The Standard Normal Distribution

Using the Scientific Calculator in solving the

Probability under the Normal Curve:
1. Mode 7. P( for left
2. Stat Q( for middle 0
3. AC R( for right
4. Shift t for complete
5. Stat data only,
6. Dist converting X
to Z
Example
1. Find P(0 ≤ Z ≤ 1.63)
• Using the table: Using the app:
• Answer: 0.4484 Answer: 0.4484

• Figure:

0 1.63
Example
2. Find P(Z < 1.24)
• Using the table: Using the app:
• Answer: 0.8925 Answer: 0.8925

• Figure:

1.24
Example
3. Find P(Z > 0.5)
• Using the table: Using the app:
• Answer: 0.3085 Answer: 0.3085

• Figure:

0.5
Example
4. Find P(-1.65 < Z < 2.02)
• Using the table: Using the app:
• Answer: 0.9288 Answer: 0.9288

• Figure:

-1.65 2.02
Example
5. Let Z be the standard normal
variable. Find the value of z if z
satisfies:
a. P(Z < z) = 0.9474
b. P(Z > z) = 0.9115
c. P(-z < Z < z) = 0.7888
Example
a. P(Z < z) = 0.9474

Figure:

Answer:
z = 1.62
Example
b. P(Z > z) = 0.9115

Figure:

Answer:
z = -1.35
Example
c. P(-z < Z < z) = 0.7888

Figure:

Answer:
z = 1.25
Evaluation:
1. Let Z be the standard normal
variable. Find the following and
graph:
a. Between 0 and 0.98
b. To the right of -0.12
c. P(Z > z) = 0.1000
d. P(-z < Z < z) = 0.9880
Evaluation:

1. Answers:
a. 0.3365
b. 0.5478
c. z = 1.28
d. z = 2.51
Assignment:

1. Let Z be the standard normal variable.

Find the area of (a and b), the value of z
for (c and d), then graph each.

a. Between -1.5 and -1.8

b. To the left of -2.2
c. P(Z < z) = 0.4650
d. P(-1.24 < Z < z) = 0.8767