Lecture #0

CSE 423

Virtualization &
Cloud
Computing
 What’s CSE423 All About?!

Virtualization
•How virtualization is important for cloud?
•What is virtualization process ?
•What are various virtualization applications
like VMware and AppV and its components?

Cloud Computing
•when and how to use various cloud services
?
•what are the various challenges and
opportunities of cloud ?
The Traditional Server Concept

Web Server App Server DB Server EMail

Windows Linux Linux Windows
IIS Glassfish MySQL Exchange
And if something goes wrong ...

Web Server App Server DB Server EMail

Windows DOWN! Linux Windows
IIS MySQL Exchange
 The Traditional Server Concept
• Pros
– Easy to conceptualize
– Fairly easy to deploy
– Easy to backup
– Virtually any
application/service can
be run from this type of
setup
• Cons
– Expensive to acquire
and
maintain hardware
– Not very scalable
– Difficult to replicate
– Redundancy is difficult
to
implement
– Vulnerable to hardware
outages
– In many cases,
processor is under-
utilized
 The Virtual Server Concept

Virtual Machine Monitor (VMM) layer between Guest OS and

hardware
 The Virtual Server Concept
• Pros • Cons
– Resource pooling – Slightly harder to
– Highly redundant conceptualize
– Highly available – Slightly more costly (must
buy hardware, OS, Apps,
– Rapidly deploy new
and now the abstraction
servers
layer)
– Easy to deploy
– Reconfigurable while
services are running
– Optimizes physical
resources
by doing more with less
 Virtualization Status
• Offerings from many companies
– e.g. VMware, Microsoft, Sun, ...

• Hardware support
– Fits well with the move to 64 bit (very large
memories)
multi-core (concurrency) processors.
– Intel VT (Virtualization Technology) provides
hardware to support the Virtual Machine Monitor
layer

• Virtualization is now a well-established technology

So what about
Cloud
Computing?
 Suppose you are Forbes.com
• You offer on-line real • Why pay for
time stock market data capacity
weekends,
overnight?
9 AM - 5 PM,
M-F
Rate of
Server
Accesses
ALL OTHER
TIMES
 Forbes' Solution
• Host the web site in Amazon's EC2 Elastic Compute
Cloud

• Provision new servers every day, and deprovision them

every night

• Pay just $0.10* per server per hour

– * more for higher capacity servers

• Let Amazon worry about the hardware!

 Cloud computing takes
virtualization to the next step
• You don’t have to own the hardware
• You “rent” it as needed from a cloud

• There are public clouds

– e.g. Amazon EC2, and now many others (Microsoft,
IBM, Sun, and others ...)

• A company can create a private one

– With more control over security, etc.
 How Cloud Computing Works
• Various providers let you create virtual servers
– Set up an account, perhaps just with a creditcard

• You create virtual servers ("virtualization")

– Choose the OSand software each "instance" will have
– It will run on a large server farm located somewhere
– You can instantiate more on a few minutes' notice
– You can shut down instances in a minute or so

• They send you a bill for what youuse

According to the official NIST definition, "cloud
computing is a model for enabling ubiquitous,
convenient,
on-demand network access to a shared pool of
configurable computing resources (e.g.,
networks, servers, storage, applications and
services)
that can be rapidly provisioned and released with
minimal management effort or service provider
interaction."
National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST Definition of Cloud Computing)
The NIST definition lists five essential characteristics of
cloud computing:
• on-demand self-service,
• broad network access,
• resource pooling,
• rapid elasticity or expansion, and
• measured service.

National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST Definition of Cloud Computing)

 • It also lists three "service models" (software,
platform and infrastructure),
• four "deployment models" (private, community,
public and hybrid) that together categorize
ways to deliver cloud services.

National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST Definition of Cloud Computing)

National Institute of Standard and Technology (NIST Definition of Cloud Computing)
Service Models
• Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)
– Deliver Infrastructure on Demand in the
form of virtual Hardware, Storage
and Networking. Virtual Hardware is
utilized to provide compute on demand
in the form of virtual machine
instances
– Eg. Amazon EC2, S3, Eucalyptus,
GoGrid, Rightspace Cloud

• Platform as a Service (PaaS)

– Deliver scalable and elastic runtime
environments on demand that host
the execution of applications.
– Backed by execute application

• Software as a service (SaaS)

– Provide application and services on
demand eg office automation, Photo
Editing software accessible through
browser on demand
Deployment Models
• Public Cloud
– Hosted , operated and managed by a third party system owned by
organization selling cloud services

• Private Cloud
– The private cloud infrastructure is operated for the exclusive use of
an organization. The cloud may be managed by that organization
or a third party. Private clouds may be either on- or off-premises.

• Hybrid Cloud
– A hybrid cloud combines multiple clouds (private, community of
public) where those clouds retain their unique identities, but are
bound together as a unit.

• Community Cloud
– A community cloud is one where the cloud has been organized to
serve a common function or purpose.
– It may be for one organization or for several organizations, but they
share common concerns such as their mission, policies, security,
regulatory compliance needs, and so on
Cloud Companies/Service Providers
Disadvantages of Cloud Computing
• Requires constant Internet Connection
• Does not work well withlow speed connection
• Stored data might not beSecured
• Stored data can be lost
• Features might be limited

*For detail referfootnote